Geminin is a nuclear protein that regulates the initiation of DNA replication during the cell cycle. DNA replication requires the coordinated association of Cdc6 and minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins with chromatin. Geminin blocks this assembly of the MCM into the prereplication complex and, in turn, prevents replication from occurring. Expression of Geminin fluctuates throughout the cell cycle with Geminin levels lowest at G1. Throughout S, G2 and M phases, Geminin levels are consistently elevated followed by a decrease during mitosis. The initiation of DNA replication is dependent on the degradation of Geminin during mitosis and the absence of Geminin throughout G1 phase. Geminin degradation is mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex (APC), which specifically targets B-type cyclins and other proteins containing a destruction box motif for degradation by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. While geminin expression is essential in maintaining chromosomal integrity, it is frequently overexpressed in cancers and evidence suggests that it plays a significant role in tumor proliferation and progression.

Optimal dilution of the GMNN antibody should be determined by the researcher.

A portion of amino acids 71-202 was used as the immunogen for the GMNN antibody.

Aliquot the GMNN antibody and store frozen at -20oC or colder. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.