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Description

Sucralfate is a gastrointestinal motility modulator that acts as an antacid in the intestines. Clinically, sucralfate decreases gastric acid secretion, and increases mucous secretion and release of bicarbonate and prostaglandins. Sucralfate contains Al(OH)3, which neutralizes acid in the stomach, helping to prevent gastric damage. Sucralfate alters the structure of the intestinal epithelium and villi, increasing circulating eosinophil levels and mucous-producing cells in vivo; sucralfate also improves mucosal vascular integrity and blood flow. Components of sucralfate bind pepsin and bile acids as well. In intestinal epithelial cells, this compound activates IκB kinase, increases expression of COX-2, and inhibits H2O2-induced decreases in epithelial cell migration and proliferation, preventing gastric damage-like wound repair delays. Sucralfate also directly inhibits pepsin.

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References

Pali-Schöll I, Yildirim AO, Ackermann U, et al. Anti-acids lead to immunological and morphological changes in the intestine of BALB/c mice similar to human food allergy. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2008 Aug;60(4-5):337-45. PMID: 18524557.

Shindo K, Iizuka M, Sasaki K, et al. Sucralfate prevents the delay of wound repair in intestinal epithelial cells by hydrogen peroxide through NF-kappaB pathway. J Gastroenterol. 2006 May;41(5):450-61. PMID: 16799887.

Furukawa O, Matsui H, Suzuki N. Effects of sucralfate and its components on acid- and pepsin-induced damage to rat gastric epithelial cells. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1997 Sep;75(1):21-5. PMID: 9334882.

Banerjee S, El-Omar E, Mowat A, et al. Sucralfate suppresses Helicobacter pylori infection and reduces gastric acid secretion by 50% in patients with duodenal ulcer. Gastroenterology. 1996 Mar;110(3):717-24. PMID: 8608880.

Tarnawski A, Hollander D, Gergely H. The mechanism of protective, therapeutic and prophylactic actions of sucralfate. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1987;140:7-13. PMID: 3481883.