
Product Description
C3/C5-Depleted Serum is normal human serum in which C3 and C5 have been removed by immunoaffinity chromatography. The product is tested for the absence of C3 and C5 activity by testing classical and alternative pathway function and for the absence of C3 and C5 proteins by double immunodiffusion. The C3/C5-depleted serum is certified to exhibit less than 5% classical pathway and alternative pathway activities. Functional classical and alternative pathways can be reconstituted by addition of purified C3 protein (1.3 mg/mL) and C5 protein (75 ug/mL) indicating that all other complement components necessary for classical and alternative pathway activation are present. After reconstitution with C3 (1.3 mg C3/mL) and C5 (0.75 mg/mL), the C3/C5-Depleted Serum is certified to possess a functional classical and alternative pathway for complement activation (Morgan, B.P. (2000); Dodds, A.W. and Sim, R.B. (1997)). Although a functional lectin pathway should also be reconstituted by the addition of similar concentrations of C3 and C5, the function of this pathway is not tested.
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磷酸肌酸激酶(CPK),主要存在于骨骼肌和心肌,在脑组织中也存在,是参与体内的能量代谢的一种酶。在临床上主要用于诊断心肌梗塞。心肌梗塞患者发病后2-4小时,血液中此酶活动即开始升高。比血清中谷草转酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶的活力变化都出现得早。
临床意义:
(1)心肌梗塞后,CPK较谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶特异性高,但持续时间短,2-4天恢复正常。
(2)病毒性心肌炎,CPK也可升高,对诊断及预后有参考价值。
(3)进行性肌营养不良、多发性肌炎以及肌肉损伤时CPK也可升高。
(4)严重的心绞痛、心包炎、房颤、脑血管意外、脑膜炎以及心脏手术等,CPK可见升高。
A9 B12 C17 D36
正确答案C
一次氧化的产物不是乙酰COA么,那么产生的ATP为什么不是十个
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Exercisedampensaromataseinhibitor–relatedjointpain
http://www.internalmedicinenews.com/specialty-focus/oncology-hematology/single-article-page/exercise-dampens-aromatase-inhibitor-related-joint-pain/33383ff19a0cd42399a7cf8590708ebf.html
SANANTONIO–Adoptingastandardexerciseprogramresultedinaclinicallymeaningful30%reductioninaromataseinhibitor-associatedjointpaininbreastcancerpatientswhoparticipatedinayear-longrandomizedtrial.
TheexerciseprescriptionutilizedintheHOPE(HormonesandPhysicalExercise)trialwaswhat’srecommendedinnationalguidelinesbothforcancersurvivorsandhealthyadults:150minutesperweekofatleastmoderate-intensityaerobicactivity,suchasbriskwalking,alongwithtwostrength-trainingsessionsperweek,MelindaL.Irwin,Ph.D.,explainedattheSanAntonioBreastCancerSymposium.
TheHOPEstudiesenrolled121postmenopausalwomenwhohadstage1-3,hormonereceptor–positivebreastcancersandwerephysicallyinactiveandoverweightyetphysicallyabletoexercise.Atenrollment,theywereexperiencingmoderatearomataseinhibitor(AI)–associatedjointpain,definedasascoreof5-7onthe0-10BriefPainInventory(BPI),afterabout18monthsonthemedication.Roughlytwo-thirdsofparticipantshadnohistoryofjointpainpriortostartingAItherapy;therestreportedtheAIexacerbatedtheirpreexistingjointpain.Subjectswererandomizedtotheexerciseprogramortousualcare,whichincludedwritteninformationabouttheimportanceofexercise.
Theprimarystudyendpointwasthe12-monthchangeinBPIworstpainscore,whichdroppedbyanaverageof30%amongtheexercisegroup.Thistranslatedtoanimprovementinpainlevelfrommoderateatbaselinetomildatfollow-up.Inaddition,BPIscoresratingpainseverityandpaininterferenceimprovedbyabout20%.Incontrast,patientsintheusualcarecontrolgroupexperiencedaslightincreaseinBPIscoresinallthreedomainsovertime,addedDr.Irwin,co-leaderofthecancerpreventionandcontrolresearchprogramatYaleUniversityCancerCenter,NewHaven,Conn.
TheHOPEresultsreceivedanenthusiasticaudiencereception.Physicianswereparticularlyimpressedwiththe70%exerciseadherencerateoverthecourseofayear.Theyaskedhowtheycankeeptheirpreviouslysedentarypatients’commitmenttoregularexercisefromwaningafteraninitialburstofenthusiasm,assooftenhappens.
Dr.Irwinrepliedthatadherencetolifestylechangeisalwaysachallenge.Socialsupportisquitehelpful.TheexercisegroupinHOPEreceivedapaidgymmembershipandmetinsmallgroupswithapersonaltrainertwiceweekly.
"Thewomenreallybondedwitheachother.Andtherearenowagrowingnumberoffreeprogramsthroughoutthecountry,whichgivecancersurvivorsastartonanexerciseprogramwithafreegymmembershipforseveralmonths.Forexample,theLivestrongFoundationhaspartneredwiththeYMCAtoofferfreeexerciseprogramsforcancersurvivorsatlocalYs,"shesaid.
TheHOPEtrialwasfundedbytheNationalCancerInstitute.Dr.Irwinreportedhavingnofinancialconflictsofinterest.
Thisdegreeofimprovementinjointpainisgreaterthanreportedinstudiesofglucosamine,acupuncture,orvitaminDsupplementation,shenoted.
Theimprovementinpainscoresintheexercisegroupwasgreaterat12monthsthanat3or6,suggestingthatayear-longexerciseprogramisprobablynecessarytoseesustainedreductioninjointpain.
At12monthsoffollow-up,womenintheexercisegroupaveraged159minutesofphysicalactivityperweek,110minutesmorethancontrols.Compliancewiththesupervisedexerciseprogramwasnotablygood,withwomenattendinganaverageof70%ofthetwice-weeklysmall-groupstrength-trainingsessions.
InadditiontotheimprovementinAI-relatedarthralgias,theexercisegroupexperiencedancillarybenefits:amean6.5%improvementinpeakoxygenconsumption,orVO2max,comparedwithbaseline,alongwitha3%reductioninbodyweight.
HOPEwasthefirstrandomizedtrialtoexaminetheeffectsofexerciseonAIsideeffectsinbreastcancerpatients.TheimpetusforthestudywastherecognitionthatarthralgiasarethemostcommonreasonforpooradherencetoanddiscontinuationofAItherapy.Upto20%ofbreastcancerpatientsdiscontinuetheirAIwithinthefirstyear.Andbothearlydiscontinuationandpooradherencehavebeenshowntobepredictiveofincreasedmortalityrisk.
如果能分解,那小肠液中的消化酶如何大量共存,如果不能
那它如何识别其他蛋白质物质是不是消化酶?

