Human CD154 (CD40 Ligand) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family and is expressed on the surface of activated T cells. It can undergo proteolytic cleavage into a 19kD immunologically active soluble form. Interaction of CD154 and CD40 is essential for isotype switching in B cells. Known genetic defects that alter this interaction lead to impaired immune system function (1). Increased levels of CD154 has been associated with autoimmune disorders including SLE, CLL and eosinophilic fasciitis (5,9,10,11). CD154 has been reported to be expressed on vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages and activated platelets indicating a role for the CD40-CD154 immunoregulatory signaling in arthrosclerosis and cardiovascular disorders (7,12,13).
Molecular Structure: A soluble molecule consisting of the extracellular domain (213aa) of human CD154 fused to the extracellular domain (167aa) of murine CD8 alpha, with a predicted monomeric molecular weight of 42.6 kd. A similar construct described in reference (9).
Transfectant Cell Line: CHO
Functional Application: Human CD154-muCD8 binds to cell surface expressed human CD40 and this binding is blocked by anti-human CD154 monoclonal antibody. Recombinant CD154-muCD8 has been shown to induce phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 molecules and subsequent activation of NFkB pathway (14, 15, 16) and to stimulate B cell proliferative response (19, 21). It crossreacts with CD40 in other species including pig (17)and dog(18).
References:
1)D. Gray, et al, (1994) Seminars in Immunol 6: 303-310.
2) A.C. Grammer, et al, (1995) J Immunol 154: 4996-5010.
3) F. Pietravalle, et al, (1996) J Biol Chemistry 271: 5965-5967.
4) R.J. Noelle, (1996) Immunity 4: 415-419.
5) A. Desai-Mehta, et al, (1996) J Clin Invest 97: 2063-2073.
6) I.S. Grewal and R.A. Flavell, (1996) Immunol Today 17: 410-414.
7) F. Mach, et al, (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:1931-1936.
8) A.C. Grammer, et al, (1999) J Immunol 163: 4150-4159.
9) D. Hollenbaugh, (1992) EMBO 11: 4314-4321.
10) R.K. Vakkalanka, et al, (1999) Arthritis Rhem 42:871-81.
11) M. Jinnin, et al.(2003) Ann Rhem Dis 62: 190-191.
12) U. Schonbeck, et al, (2000) PNAS USA 97: 7458-7463.
13) U. Schonbeck, et al, (2001) Circulation 104: 2266-2268.
14) AC Grammer, PF Lipsky, et al (2000) Advances in Immunology 76: 61-178.
15) AC Grammer, PF Lipsky, et al (2004) Arthristis Research and Therapy 6: 28-38.
16). Melter M, D M Briscoe, et al (2000) Blood 96:3801-3808.
17). Takamatsu H, RME Parkhouse, et al. (1999) Immunology 97(2):211-213.
18) Daisuke I, J F Modiano, et al. (2012) Leukemia and Lymphoma 53(7): 1390-1398
19) Brodeur SR, RS Geha, et al. (2003) Immunity 18(6): 837-848
20) KC Bankert, GA Bishop, et al.(2015) J Immunol 194(9): 4319-4327. PMID: 25795759.ID:
21) CR Smulski, S Fournel, et al. (2017) Cell Death and Disease 8(2):e2601. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2017.22. PMID: 28182009
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【】打开通风橱没反应，就是有故障，需要在修好、排风操作正常后，再做实验
1、在实验室内一切有可能产生毒性蒸气的工作必须在通风橱中进行，并有良好的排风设备。2、在稀释浓硫酸时，不能将水往浓硫酸里倒，而应将浓硫酸缓缓倒入水中，不断搅拌均匀。3、取用有毒、有恶臭味的试剂时，要在通风橱中操作；使用完毕后，将瓶口封严。4、化学危险物品应当分类、分项存放，还原性试剂与氧化剂、酸与碱类腐蚀剂等不得混放，相互之间保持安全距离。5、受阳光照射易燃烧、易爆炸或产生有毒气体的化学危险品应当在阴凉通风的地点存放。
如何防止降解？
无管道型：内置高效活性碳过滤器，可直接排放到室内。
补风型：从室外补充空气，减轻实验室空调的负荷。
连体型：扩大实验空间，为大型仪器提供方便。
桌上型：装在实验台上的通风柜
两面型：从两面可以操作
落地型：适用于大型实验装置向左转|向右转
