Overview:
GSK3α is a multifunctional protein serine kinase, homologous to Drosophila 'shaggy' (zeste-white3) and implicated in the control of several regulatory proteins including glycogen synthase and transcription factors (e.g., JUN) (1). GSK3β is ubiquitously present in human tissues and implicated in the regulation of several physiological processes, including the control of glycogen and protein synthesis by insulin, modulation of the transcription factors AP-1 and CREB (2).
References:
1. Ali, A. et al: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 : properties, functions, and regulation. Chem. Rev. 101: 2527-2540, 2001. 2. Sperber BR, Leight S, Goedert M, Lee VM. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta phosphorylates tau protein at multiple sites in intact cells. Neurosci Lett. 1995 Sep 8;197(2):149-53.
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