Actin is a major cytoskeletal protein involved in diverse cellular functions including cell motility, adhesion, and morphology. Six different actin isoforms have been identified in vertebrates. There are four α isoforms: skeletal, cardiac, and two smooth muscle (enteric and aortic) actins, along with two cytoplasmic actins (β and γ). Actin exists in two principal forms, globular, monomeric (G) actin, and filamentous polymeric (F) actin. The assembly and disassembly of actin filaments, and also their organization into functional networks, is regulated by a variety of actin-binding proteins (ABPs). Phosphorylation may also be important for regulating actin assembly and interaction with ABPs. In Dictyostelium, phosphorylation of Tyr-53 occurs in response to cell stress and this phosphorylation may alter actin polymerization. In B cells, SHP-1 tyrosine dephosphorylation of actin leads to actin filament depolymerization following BCR stimulation.
References

Western blot analysis of human HUVEC-CS (lane 1), rabbit spleen fibroblast (lane 2), human Jurkat (lane 3), human LNCaP (lane 4), human HeLa (lane 5), and mouse F9 (lane 6) cell lysates. The blot was probed with mouse monoclonal anti-β-Actin (AM0081) at 1:1000 (lanes 1-6).

Immunocytochemical labeling of β-Actin in paraformaldehyde fixed human MeWo cells. The cells were labeled with mouse monoclonal anti-β-Actin (clone M008). The antibody was detected using goat anti-mouse DyLight® 594.
*For more information, see UniProt Accession P60709
The products are are safely shipped at ambient temperature for both domestic and international shipments. Each product is guaranteed to match the specifications as indicated on the corresponding technical data sheet. Please store at -20C upon arrival for long term storage.
*All molecular weights (MW) are confirmed by comparison to Bio-Rad Rainbow Markers and to western blotmobilities of known proteins with similar MW.
This kit contains:
KIT SUMMARY
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Identificationofmembranetype-1matrixmetalloproteinaseasatargetofhypoxia-inducIBLefactor-2[alpha]invonHippel-Lindaurenalcellcarcinoma.[Article]
来源
Oncogene.24(6):1043-1052,February3,2005.
AccessionNumber
00006374-200524060-00010.
Author
Petrella,BrendaL1;Lohi,Jouko3;Brinckerhoff,ConstanceE*,1,2
Institution
(1)DepartmentofBiochemistry,NorrisCottonCancerCenter,DartmouthMedicalSchool,Lebanon,NH03756,USA;(2)DepartmentofMedicine,NorrisCottonCancerCenter,DartmouthMedicalSchool,Lebanon,NH03756,USA;(3)DepartmentofPathology,HaartmanInstitute,UniversityofHelsinkiandHelsinkiUniversityCentralHospital,Helsinki,FIN-00014,Finland
摘要原文
Metastaticrenalcellcarcinoma(RCC)resultingfromthehereditarylossofthevonHippel-Lindau(VHL)tumorsuppressorgeneistheleADIngcauseofdeathinVHLpatientsduetothedeleteriouseffectsofthemetastatictumor(s).VHLfunctionsinthedestructionofthealphasubunitsoftheheterodimerictranscriptionfactor,hypoxia-induciblefactor(HIF-1[alpha]andHIF-2[alpha]),innormoxicconditions.WhenVHLfunctionislost,HIF-[alpha]proteinisstABIlized,andtargethypoxia-induciblegenesaretranscribed.Theprocessoftumorinvasionandmetastasisinvolvesthedestructionoftheextracellularmatrix,whichisaccomplishedprimarilybythematrixmetalloproteinase(MMP)familyofenzymes.Here,wedescribeaconnectionbetweenthelossofVHLtumorsuppressorfunctionandtheupregulationofmembranetype-1MMP(MT1-MMP)geneexpressionandprotein.Specifically,MT1-MMPisupregulatedinVHL-/-RCCcellsthroughanincreaseingenetranscription,whichismediatedbythecooperativeeffectsofthetranscriptionfactors,HIF-2andSp1.Further,weidentifyafunctionalHIF-bindingsiteintheproximalpromoterofMT1-MMP.Toourknowledge,thisisthefirstreporttoshowdirectregulationofMT1-MMPbyHIF-2andtoprovideadirectlinkbetweenthelossofVHLtumorsuppressorfunctionandanincreaseinMMPgeneandproteinexpression.
编译
vonHippel-Lindau(VHL)肿瘤抑制基因遗传性丢失引起的转移性肾细胞癌(RCC)在VHL病人中导致死亡的原因是转移性瘤的有害作用。在含氧正常情况下,VHL作用是破坏异二聚转录因子和缺氧诱导因子(HIF-1[a]和HIF-2[a])的a亚基。当VHL作用丧失后,HIF[a]蛋白变的稳定,并且靶缺氧诱导基因被转录。肿瘤侵入和转移的过程包括细胞外基质的破坏—主要通过基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)家族的酶完成。研究者阐明了VHL肿瘤抑制功能的丧失与I型膜基质金属蛋白酶(MT1—MMP)基因表达和蛋白质之间的联系。基因转录的增加使VHL-/-RCC细胞中MT1—MMP发生向上调节,这一作用是转录因子HIF-2[a]及sp1共同作用的结果。据称,这份论文首次报道HIF-2调节了MT1-MMP,并且提出VHL肿瘤抑制功能与MMP基因表达和蛋白质表达之间具有直接的联系。
酶只是催化剂,其本身无法直接氧化它。
酶是具有生物催化功能的生物大分子,即生物催化剂,它能够加快生化反应的速度,但是不改变反应的方向和产物。其只能用于改变各类生化反应的速度,但并不是生化反应本身。只是催化剂的一种。
所以NADPH氧化酶只是促进了NADPH的氧化过程,无法直接氧化NADPH。
1、保护心脏,辅酶Q-10有助于为心肌提供充足氧气,预防突发性心脏病,尤其在心肌缺氧过程中辅酶Q10发挥关键作用;
2、促进能量转化,提升精力;辅酶Q-10帮助把食物转化为细胞生存必需的能量(如ATP),使细胞保持最佳状态,使人感觉精力更充沛;
3、提高免疫力,延缓衰老;辅酶Q-10是细胞自身产生的天然抗氧化剂,可阻止自由基的形成,有助于维护免疫系统的正常运作及延缓衰老;
4、在预防冠心病,缓解牙周炎,治疗十二指肠溃疡、胃溃疡及缓解心绞痛方面有显著效果;
5、抗肿瘤作用,临床对于晚期转移性癌症有一定疗效。
辅酶Q10补充剂量:
从事与辅酶Q10研究的一些专家认为:许多人特别是老年人和从事于激烈运动的人会缺乏辅酶Q10,并可从补充中获益,表明辅酶 Q10作为唯一体内合成的脂溶性抗氧化剂在抗衰老、抗疲劳维持机体的青春及活力方面的卓越作用。对健康维持推荐的每日剂量为30mg:在治疗各种疾病中需要相当高的量,而对补充已发现了益处。辅酶 Q10应与含有脂肪的膳食一起服用,甚至较佳地与豆油或植物油结合,这可增加它的完全实质性的吸收。人体可迅速吸收辅酶 Q10的补充。已报告每日剂量高达400mg。
研究者表示:“类维生素辅酶Q10可能是新世纪细胞、生化治疗的‘引路人’,它是对现行医疗方法的补充和延伸”。如今,欧美、日本等发达国家,已把人体内辅酶Q10含量的高低作为衡量身体健康与否的重要指标之一。
营养屋辅酶Q10产品特点
1、加拿大营养屋原装进口,CGMP车间生产,国际国内双重认证;
2、采用国际先进的MFE法制取,生物活性高,吸收利用率好。
参考资料来源: http://news.qianyecao.com/news/new-4661.html
其实,我们每个人都存在乙醇脱氢酶,而且数量基本是相等的,所以不是决定因素。但缺少乙醛脱氢酶的人就比较多,乙醛脱氢酶的缺少,使酒精不能被完全分解为水和二氧化碳,而是以乙醛继续留在体内,使人喝酒后产生恶心欲吐、昏迷不适等醉酒症状。因此,你可能是属于乙醛脱氢酶数量不足的人。
人的酶系统是有遗传因素的,上面两种酶的数量,比例成定局,一般是改变不了了。
相同点:都能以DNA为模板,从5'向3'进行核苷酸或脱氧核苷酸的聚合反应。
不同点
1、作用底物不同。RNA聚合酶底物是NTP;DNA聚合酶底物是dNTP。
2、RNA聚合酶作用不需要引物,而DNA聚合酶作用需要引物。
3、RNA聚合酶本身具有一定的解旋功能,而DNA聚合酶没有,当需要解开双链的时候要解旋酶和拓扑异构酶的帮助。
4、RNA聚合酶只具有5‘到3’端的聚合酶活性,而DNA聚合酶不仅有5‘到3’端的聚合酶活性,还具有3‘到5’端的外切酶活性。保证DNA复制时候校对,所以复制的忠实性高于转录的。
5、RNA聚合酶通常作用于转录过程;DNA聚合酶通常作用于DNA复制过程

