| Overview | PrinterFriendlyVersion |
| Ex/Em(nm) | 492/514 |
| MW | N/A |
| CAS# | N/A |
| Solvent | N/A |
| Storage | F/D/L |
| Category | ADMEandTox MDRResearch |
| Related | CellMetabolism CellFunctionalAnalysis BiochemicalAssays |
| Spectrum | AdvancedSpectrumViewer |

1.Preparecells:
1.1 Foradherentcells:Platecellsovernightingrowthmediumat40,000to80,000cells/well/90µLfora96-wellplateor10,000to20,000cells/well/20µLfora384-wellplate.
1.2 Fornon-adherentcells:CentrifugethecellsfromtheculturemediumandthensUSPendthecellpelletinculturemediumat100,000-200,000cells/well/90µLfora96-wellpoly-Dlysineplateor25,000-50,000cells/well/20µLfora384-wellpoly-Dlysineplate.Centrifugetheplateat800rpmfor2minuteswithbrakeoffpriortotheexperiments.
Note:Eachcelllineshouldbeevaluatedonanindividualbasistodeterminetheoptimalcelldensity.
2.Preparedye-loADIngsolution:
2.1 Thawallthekitcomponentsatroomtemperaturebeforeuse.
2.2 MakeMDRsensorstocksolution:Add20µL(Cat.#36340-1plate)or200µL(Cat.#36341-10plates)ofDMSO(ComponentB)intoMDRsensor(ComponentA),andmixthemwell.
Note:20µLofMDRsensorstocksolutionisenoughforoneplate.Un-usedMDRsensorstocksolutioncanbealiquotedandstoredat<-20oCforonemonthifthetubesaresealedtightly.Protectfromlightandavoidrepeatedfreeze-thawcyclesandmoisture.
2.3 MakeMDRdye-loadingsolutionforonecellplate:Add20µLofMDRsensorstocksolution(fromStep2.2)into10mLofAssayBuffer(ComponentC),andmixthemwell.TheMDRdye-loadingsolutionisstableforatleast2hoursatroomtemperature.
3.RunMDRassay:
3.1 Treatcellswithtestcompoundsbyadding10µLof10X(96-wellplate)or5µLof5X(384-wellplate)compoundsintocompoundbuffer(suchasPBSorHHBS).Forblankwells(mediumwithoutthecells),addthecorrespondingamountofcompoundbuffer.
Note:Itisnotnecessarytowashcellsbeforeaddingcompound.However,iftestedcompoundsareserumsensitive,growthmediumandserumfactorscanbeaspiratedawaybeforeaddingcompounds.AddthesamevolumeofHHBSintothewells(suchas90µLfora96-wellplateor20µLfora384-wellplate)afteraspiration.Alternatively,cellscanbegrowninserum-freemedia.
3.2 Incubatethecellplateatroomtemperatureorina37oC,5%CO2incubatorforatleast15minutesoradesiredperiodoftime.
3.3 Add100µL/well(96-wellplate)or25µL/well(384-wellplate)ofMDRdye-loadingsolution.
3.4 Incubatethedye-loadingplateatroomtemperaturefor1hour,protectedfromlight.(Theincubationtimecouldbefrom15mintoovernight.Wegottheoptimalresultswiththeincubationtimelessthan4hours.)
Note1:Theappropriateincubationtimedependsontheindividualcelltypeandcellconcentrationused.Optimizetheincubationtimeforeachexperiment.
Note2:DONOTwashthecellsafterloading.
Note3:Fornon-adherentcells,itisrecommendedtocentrifugethecellplateat800rpmfor2minuteswithbrakeoffafterincubation.
3.5 MonitorthefluorescenceintensityatEx/Em=490/525nmwithbottomreadmode.
| References&Citations | PrinterFriendlyVersion |
1. Cases-GonzalezCE,FrancoS,MartinezMA,Menendez-AriasL.(2007)MutationalPatternsAssociatedwiththe69InsertionComplexinMulti-drug-resistantHIV-1ReverseTranscriptasethatConferIncreasedExcisionActivityandHigh-levelResistancetoZidovudine.JMolBiol,365,298.
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7. BrouwerCP,BogaardsSJ,WulferinkM,VeldersMP,WellingMM.(2006)Syntheticpeptidesderivedfromhumanantimicrobialpeptideubiquicidinaccumulateatsitesofinfectionsanderadicate(multi-drugresistant)Staphylococcusaureusinmice.Peptides,27,2585.
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AAT Bioquest AAT Bioquest是一家位于美国的生物公司,前身为ABD Bioquest,总部位于加利福尼亚州。专门从事光学检测技术十多年,一直致力于光谱学检测领域技术的创新和突破。其独特的光学检测技术,综合了化学、生物学和信息学等各个领域的研究,引领了比色、荧光和发光技术新一代光学探针的浪潮。AAT Bioquest在全球拥有强大的经验丰富的专业分销商网络,为从小型研究机构到《财富》500强企业的各类客户提供卓越的产品和定制服务。
美国AATBioquestInc.(前身是ABDBioquest,Inc.)是一家为从事生命科学研究、诊断研发及药物开发的科学家研发、生产和销售生物分析研究试剂和试剂盒的公司。公司致力于光谱学检测领域,包括吸收(颜色),荧光和发光技术。AATBioquest的产品帮助全世界的科学家和生物医药研究者更好的了解生物化学,免疫学,细胞生物学和分子生物学等领域。AATBioquest会不断介绍新产品,快速的丰富各个领域的产品。
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牛胰岛素,是一种多肽
在1965年9月17日我国完成了结晶牛胰岛素的全合成。经过严格鉴定,它的结构、生物活力、物理化学性质、结晶形状都和天然的牛胰岛素完全一样。这是世界上第一个人工合成的蛋白质,为人类认识生命、揭开生命奥秘迈出了可喜的一大步。这项成果获1982年中国自然科学一等奖。
1953年,英国人F. SangerSanger由于测定了牛胰岛素的一级结构而获得1958年诺贝尔化学奖。
ldh试剂盒指乳酸脱氢酶检测试剂盒,是一种基于diaphorase催化的INT显色反应,通过比色法检测细胞毒性时释放的乳酸脱氢酶活性或检测其它样品中的乳酸脱氢酶活性的试剂盒。可以用于常规的乳酸脱氢酶活性的检测,更常用于以LDH释放为指标的细胞毒性检测。
ctl毒性杀伤检测试剂盒是基于LDH在胞浆内含量丰富,正常时不能通过细胞膜,当细胞受损伤或死亡时可释放到细胞外,此时细胞培养液中LDH活性与细胞死亡数目成正比,用比色法测定并与靶细胞对照孔LDH活性比较,可计算效应细胞对靶细胞的杀伤。
试剂盒在全球市场上的研发与销售呈快速上升趋势,2005年全球市场销售额超过200亿美元,且以15%左右的速度逐年增长.一方面是试剂盒的迅猛发展,而另一方面试剂盒市场良莠不齐的现象愈加明显,试剂盒的生产、销售及认证认可体制尚不完善,没有相应的标准或质量评价政策.且其灵敏度,稳定性及假阴/阳性控制尚不能满足检测需要,采用试剂盒进行检测的公信度受到质疑.
同时,食品安全领域是当前问题最多、最受关注的领域,这个领域的检测包括了物理、化学、微生物及分子生物学基础理论,无论是按检测原理、用途还是其它分类方式,涉及食品安全检测项目的试剂盒的品种是最全最多的.因此,从该领域着手从事评价制度的研究,便于获得基础性数据结果,并由此推广至动植物检疫及其它领域.
随着H7N9禽流感疫情的不断发散,国家流感中心已经多次发放人感染H7N9禽流感检测试剂,覆盖了全国31个流感网络实验室,并表示,诊断试剂的广泛发放是实现关口前移,控制疫情传播、蔓延的重要手段.而一旦H7N9监测关口继续前移,主动监测范围扩大,病毒检测试剂的需求量将进一步加大.
可采用H7N9亚型禽流感病毒RNA检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法)和H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测试剂盒(PCR-荧光探针法),定价分别为48人份/盒和48反应/盒,相比市场此前预期的100-200元之间的价格定位低了很多.在检验方法上,卫纪委提醒,前者需要配备全自动荧光PCR检测仪专用PCR扩增管和核酸分离试剂盒(硅胶膜吸附法)等必须设备及咽拭子样本,后者卫计委推荐采用达安基因生产的核酸提取试剂盒进行检验.

