Description
Mannose receptor targeting by mannosylated liposomes has been demonstrated for a variety of mannosylated lipid conjugates in a variety of liposome morphologies and compositions in several different in vitro and in vivo models. There are several publications using a hydrophobic derivative of mannose (4-aminophenyl α-D-mannopyranoside) rather than using a mannosylated lipid in clodronate liposomes. This is mainly due to the high cost and complexity of synthesizing and conjugating mannose to lipid. 4-aminophenyl α-D-mannopyranoside is commercially available and far less expensive than synthesizing mannose conjugated lipid.
Why mannose? Mannose is one of the carbohydrate components of many bacterial and viral cell surfaces; therefore, the ever-efficient, highly redundant immune system has evolved multiple mechanisms for identifying pathogens based on mannose recognition. The animal and plant kingdoms likewise utilize carbohydrate recognition signaling mechanisms including mannose residues. Many publications evaluate other carbohydrates as targeting mechanisms for various cell types, however mannose targeting to phagocytes appears to be one of the more specific mechanisms identified to date. Mammalian cell surface identification molecules based on mannose binding, such as the ICAM family of leukocyte adhesion molecules, target the SIGN family of mannose receptors to accomplish self-recognition in vivo.
A well-known and cited study by Umezawa & Eto [1] demonstrates that liposomes containing aminophenyl mannoside were most efficiently incorporated into the mouse brain across the blood brain barrier. The radiolabeled liposomes bearing aminophenyl
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的试剂：免疫吸附剂、结合物和酶的底物。
完整的ELISA试剂盒包含以下各组分：
（1）已包被抗原或抗体的固相载体（免疫吸附剂）；
（2）酶标记的抗原或抗体（结合物）；
（3）酶的底物；
（4）阴性对照品和阳性对照品（定性测定中），参考标准品和控制血清（定量测定
中）；
（5）结合物及标本的稀释液；
（6）洗涤液；
（7）酶反应终止液。
elisa试剂盒回收率是反应待测物在样品分析过程中的损失的程度，损失越少，回收率越高，如果作标液1PPM，就是1毫克/升，而作出标准数据为0.99毫克/升，就是说你的回收率是99%，这个与真实成分有密切的关系，说明方法的准确度。比如水中总无机氯含量测定，样品水中含有无机氯20mg/L，取100mL被测水样品，加入0.1mL浓度为10mg/mL的含无机氯标准样品，测定时忽略体积变化，如果测定出样品中无机氯为2.98mg/L，则认为回收率为99%。向左转|向右转
2、规范包被操作，吸附是否均匀
3、重复性、可靠性
6、是否提供技术
7、适用于血浆、血清、组织匀浆液、细胞培养上清液、尿液等多种类型的样本
8、可检测动物类型是否丰富
9、可检测指标是否齐全
