During the past five decades, various types of chemistries have been used for conjugation of molecules such as antibodies, peptides, proteins or other reactive ligands to the surface of liposomes. In general, the conjugation can be achieved through the N-terminus, the C-terminus or the available sulfur (e.g. Fab’ fraction or thiolated antibodies). Not all chemistries have the same yield and efficiency of conjugation and often reproducing biocompatible batches can be a challenge.
Copper-free click chemistry is a fairly new chemistry that has been commercialized during the past few years. More and more click chemistry-based reagents are becoming available commercially which makes the formulation development much easier for scientists. The great advantage of this chemistry is biocompatibility since no cytotoxic copper catalyst is required. By far, click chemistry is the most efficient and easiest conjugation chemistry available for coupling of antibodies and other reactive ligands to the surface of the liposomes. The conjugation chemistry is based on the reaction of the dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) reagent with an azide linker to form a stable triazole. DBCO moiety can be on the antibody and azide moiety can be on liposomes and vice versa. Here, azide moiety is on the liposome and DBCO moiety is on the antibody, protein or peptide.
There are many commercialized reagents that can be used for DBCO modification of proteins, peptides and antibodies. To see the list of commercialized reagents for DBCO modification see here.
For other amine reactive (PEGylated and non-PEGyalated products) and also ImmunoFluor™ products suitable for other types conjugation methods see here.
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的试剂：免疫吸附剂、结合物和酶的底物。
完整的ELISA试剂盒包含以下各组分：
（1）已包被抗原或抗体的固相载体（免疫吸附剂）；
（2）酶标记的抗原或抗体（结合物）；
（3）酶的底物；
（4）阴性对照品和阳性对照品（定性测定中），参考标准品和控制血清（定量测定
中）；
（5）结合物及标本的稀释液；
（6）洗涤液；
（7）酶反应终止液。
elisa试剂盒回收率是反应待测物在样品分析过程中的损失的程度，损失越少，回收率越高，如果作标液1PPM，就是1毫克/升，而作出标准数据为0.99毫克/升，就是说你的回收率是99%，这个与真实成分有密切的关系，说明方法的准确度。比如水中总无机氯含量测定，样品水中含有无机氯20mg/L，取100mL被测水样品，加入0.1mL浓度为10mg/mL的含无机氯标准样品，测定时忽略体积变化，如果测定出样品中无机氯为2.98mg/L，则认为回收率为99%。向左转|向右转
2、规范包被操作，吸附是否均匀
3、重复性、可靠性
6、是否提供技术
7、适用于血浆、血清、组织匀浆液、细胞培养上清液、尿液等多种类型的样本
8、可检测动物类型是否丰富
9、可检测指标是否齐全
