- SynonymCTLA4,CD152
- SourceHuman CTLA-4, His Tag (CT4-H5229) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Ala 37 - Phe 162 (Accession # NP_005205.2).Predicted N-terminus: Ala 37Request for sequence
- Molecular Characterization
This protein carries a polyhistidine tag at the C-terminus.
The protein has a calculated MW of 15.4 kDa. The protein migrates as 20-25 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to different extent glycosylation.
- EndotoxinLess than 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method.
- Purity
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
- Formulation
Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in PBS, pH7.4. Normally trehalose is added as protectant before lyophilization.
Contact us for customized product form or formulation.
- Reconstitution
Please see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.
For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.
- Storage
For long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.
Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
This product is stable after storage at:
- -20°C to -70°C for 12 months in lyophilized state;
- -70°C for 6 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Human CTLA-4, His Tag on SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) condition. The gel was stained overnight with Coomassie Blue. The purity of the protein is greater than 95%.
Immobilized Human B7-1, Fc Tag (HPLC-verified) (Cat. No. B71-H5259) at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Human CTLA-4, His Tag (Cat. No. CT4-H5229) with a linear range of 0.2-4 ng/mL (QC tested).
Immobilized Human B7-2, Fc Tag (Cat. No. CD6-H5257) at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Human CTLA-4, His Tag (Cat. No. CT4-H5229) with a linear range of 1-6.4 ng/mL (Routinely tested).
Yervoy (Ipilimumab, Human IgG1) captured on CM5 chip via anti-human IgG Fc antibodies surface, can bind Human CTLA-4, His Tag (Cat. No. CT4-H5229) with an affinity constant of 25.7 nM as determined in a SPR assay (Biacore T200) (Routinely tested).
- Citations
PSEUDOFAB-BASED MULTISPECIFIC BINDING PROTEINS
Authors: C Beil, K Engel, G Hessler, et al.
Journal: US20200255540A1 2020
Application: SPR
Request for Full-text
Affinity maturation of antibodies by combinatorial codon mutagenesis versus error-prone PCR
Authors: Simons JF, Lim YW, Carter KP, et al
Journal: Mabs 2020
Application: Flow cytometry
Request for Full-text
Comprehensive in vitro characterization of PD-L1 small molecule inhibitors
Authors: Ganesan A, et al
Journal: Sci Rep 2019
Application: SPR
Request for Full-text
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in human breast milk: a case study
Authors: Ross E, et al.
Journal: Melanoma Res 2014
Application: ELISA
Request for Full-text
- BackgroundCTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4) is also known as CD152 (Cluster of differentiation 152), is a protein receptor that downregulates the immune system. CTLA4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is expressed on the surface of Helper T cells and transmits an inhibitory signal to T cells. The protein contains an extracellular V domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail. Alternate splice variants, encoding different isoforms. CTLA4 is similar to the T-cell co-stimulatory protein, CD28, and both molecules bind to CD80 and CD86, also called B7-1 and B7-2 respectively, on antigen-presenting cells. CTLA4 transmits an inhibitory signal to T cells, whereas CD28 transmits a stimulatory signal. Intracellular CTLA4 is also found in regulatory T cells and may be important to their function. T cell activation through the T cell receptor and CD28 leads to increased expression of CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor for B7 molecules. Fusion proteins of CTLA4 and antibodies (CTLA4-Ig) have been used in clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis.
- References
Please contact us via TechSupport@acrobiosystems.com if you have any question on this product.
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第三道防线是人体在出生以后逐渐建立起来的后天防御功能，特点是出生后才产生的，只针对某一特定的病原体或异物起作用，因而叫做特异性免疫（又称后天性免疫）。后天性免疫--免疫的第三道防线免疫的第三道防线：特异性免疫。主要由免疫细胞--淋巴B、淋巴T细胞进行免疫。其中，淋巴B细胞“负责”体液免疫；淋巴T细胞“负责”细胞免疫。后天性的特异性免疫系统，是一个专一性的免疫机制，针对一种抗原所生成的免疫淋巴细胞分泌的抗体，只能对同一种抗原发挥免疫功能。而对变异或其他抗原毫无作用。第1、2防线，就好比杀毒软件本体；第3到防线就好比病毒/木马专杀软件。只有3道防线同时、完整、完好发挥免疫作用，我们的身体健康才能更充分的得到保证。展开
抗原：
（antigen，缩写Ag）为任何可诱发免疫反应的物质。外来分子可经过B细胞上免疫球蛋白的辨识或经抗原呈现细胞的处理并与主要组织相容性复合体结合成复合物再活化T细胞，引发连续的免疫反应。
抗体：
（英语：antibody），（免疫球蛋白不仅仅只是抗体）是一种由浆细胞（效应B细胞）分泌，被免疫系统用来鉴别与中和外来物质如细菌、病毒等的大型Y形蛋白质，仅被发现存在于脊椎动物的血液等体液中，及其B细胞的细胞膜表面[1-2]。抗体能识别特定外来物的一个独特特征，该外来目标被称为抗原。
抗原抗体反应：
指抗原与相应抗体之间所发生的特异性结合反应。这种反应既可在机体内进行，也可以在机体外进行。抗原抗体反应的过程是经过一系列的化学和物理变化，包括抗原抗体特异性结合和非特异性促凝聚两个阶段，以及由亲水胶体转为疏水胶体的变化。
由此，注射疫苗（没有破坏力但却能刺激机体产生对应的抗体）属于主动免疫，注射血清（即抗体）属于被动免疫，前者旨在预防，标本兼治，后者则能够应急。
