- Overview
- Data/Specifications
- Literature/Support
- How It Works
- Related Products
Overview
Calcitonin, a 32-amino-acid polypeptide, is secreted primarily by the thyroidal parafollicular C-cells. Its main biological effect is to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption as well as playing a role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the bone and kidney. Calcitonin supresses resorption of bone by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts releasing calcium and phosphorus into blood. In the kidney, calcium and phosphorus are prevented from being lost in urine by reabsorption in the kidney tubules. Calcitonin inhibits tubular reabsorption of these two ions, leading to increased rates of their loss in urine.
Related Terms/Symbols:- CALCA gene- CALCA1 gene- P01258- CALC_HUMAN
Data/Specifications
Species: human
Sample Type: serum
Sample Size:100 uL
Standard Curve Range: 10 - 1000 pg/mL
Sensitivity: 1 pg/mL
Assay Length: 4.5 hrs
Literature/Support
Product Insert:
Calcitonin ELISA Insert (PDF)
Articles/Troublshooting:
ELISA Troubleshooting Guide
ELISA Data Reduction Guide
References:
Wei, Y., Ye, Q., Tang, Z., Tian, G., Zhu, Q., Gao, H., ... & Cao, Z. (2017). Calcitonin induces collagen synthesis and osteoblastic differentiation in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.Archives of oral biology,74, 114-122.
| References/Citations: | How the Calcitonin ELISA kit was used: |
| The RET Kinase Inhibitor NVP-AST487 Blocks Growth and Calcitonin Gene Expression through Distinct Mechanisms in Medullary Thyroid Cancer Cells Nagako Akeno-Stuart et al., Cancer Res., Jul 2007; 67: 6956 - 6964. | Measure the concentration of calcitonin in serum of athymic mice with human medullary carcinoma (cell line TT) xenografts and in TT cell-conditioned media. |
How It Works
The Calcitonin Immunoassay is a two-site ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) for the measure- ment of the biologically intact 32 amino acid chain of Calcitonin. It utilizes two different mouse monoclonal antibodies to human calcitonin specific for well-defined regions on the calcitonin molecule. One antibody binds only to Calcitonin 11-23 and this antibody is biotinylated. The other antibody binds only to Calcitonin 21-32 and this antibody is labeled with horseradish peroxidase [HRP] for detection.
In this assay, calibrators, controls, or patient samples are simultaneously incubated with the enzyme labeled antibody and a biotin coupled antibody in a streptavidin-coated microplate well. Thus the calcitonin in the sample is “sandwiched” between these two antibodies. At the end of the assay incubation, the microwell is washed to remove unbound components and the enzyme bound to the solid phase is incubated with the substrate, tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). An acidic stopping solution is then added to stop the reaction and converts the color to yellow. The intensity of the yellow color is directly proportional to the concentration of calcitonin in the sample. A dose response curve of absorbance unit vs. concentration is generated using results obtained from the calibrators. Concentrations of calcitonin present in the controls and patient samples are determined directly from this curve.
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第三道防线是人体在出生以后逐渐建立起来的后天防御功能，特点是出生后才产生的，只针对某一特定的病原体或异物起作用，因而叫做特异性免疫（又称后天性免疫）。后天性免疫--免疫的第三道防线免疫的第三道防线：特异性免疫。主要由免疫细胞--淋巴B、淋巴T细胞进行免疫。其中，淋巴B细胞“负责”体液免疫；淋巴T细胞“负责”细胞免疫。后天性的特异性免疫系统，是一个专一性的免疫机制，针对一种抗原所生成的免疫淋巴细胞分泌的抗体，只能对同一种抗原发挥免疫功能。而对变异或其他抗原毫无作用。第1、2防线，就好比杀毒软件本体；第3到防线就好比病毒/木马专杀软件。只有3道防线同时、完整、完好发挥免疫作用，我们的身体健康才能更充分的得到保证。展开
抗原：
（antigen，缩写Ag）为任何可诱发免疫反应的物质。外来分子可经过B细胞上免疫球蛋白的辨识或经抗原呈现细胞的处理并与主要组织相容性复合体结合成复合物再活化T细胞，引发连续的免疫反应。
抗体：
（英语：antibody），（免疫球蛋白不仅仅只是抗体）是一种由浆细胞（效应B细胞）分泌，被免疫系统用来鉴别与中和外来物质如细菌、病毒等的大型Y形蛋白质，仅被发现存在于脊椎动物的血液等体液中，及其B细胞的细胞膜表面[1-2]。抗体能识别特定外来物的一个独特特征，该外来目标被称为抗原。
抗原抗体反应：
指抗原与相应抗体之间所发生的特异性结合反应。这种反应既可在机体内进行，也可以在机体外进行。抗原抗体反应的过程是经过一系列的化学和物理变化，包括抗原抗体特异性结合和非特异性促凝聚两个阶段，以及由亲水胶体转为疏水胶体的变化。
由此，注射疫苗（没有破坏力但却能刺激机体产生对应的抗体）属于主动免疫，注射血清（即抗体）属于被动免疫，前者旨在预防，标本兼治，后者则能够应急。
