Overview:
Activating transcription factor (ATF)-2, also designated CRE-BP1, is a member of the ATF/cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein family of transcription factors. ATF2 has two unique characteristics: it mediates the adenovirus E1A-induced trans-activation and forms a heterodimer with c-Jun (1). ATF2 is a target of the JNK signal transduction pathway (2). ATF2 is phosphorylated by JNK on two closely spaced threonine residues within the NH2-terminal activation domain. The replacement of these phosphorylation sites with alanine inhibited the transcriptional activity of ATF2. Furthermore, p38 MAPK can also phosphorylate ATF2.
Gene Aliases:
HB16; CREB2; TREB7; CRE-BP1; MGC111558
Genbank Number:
NM_001880
References:
1.Nomura, N. et al: Isolation and characterization of a novel member of the gene family encoding the cAMP response element-binding protein CRE-BP1.J Biol Chem. 1993 Feb 25;268(6):4259-66.2.Gupta, S. et al: Transcription factor ATF2 regulation by the JNK signal transduction pathway.Science. 1995 Jan 20;267(5196):389-93.
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若已进入细胞内。则先由巨噬细胞吞噬降解。并形成抗原-MHC复合体传送到表面。被辅助性T淋巴细胞识别和效应T淋巴细胞识别后。效应T淋巴细胞被激活。分解靶细胞。然后再由效应B细胞分泌的抗体进一步消灭病毒。
还有不清楚的么?
颗粒型抗原,除了有细菌、红细胞、螺旋体等天然颗粒型抗原,还有吸附有可溶性抗原的非免疫相关颗粒.
颗粒性抗原光镜下可见,比如细菌性抗原、红细胞抗原等;而可溶性抗原在光镜下不可见,如组织浸出液、细菌毒素、蛋白质分子等。
它们不等同于完全抗原和不完全抗原。完全抗原具有免疫原性和抗原性,而不完全抗原只具有抗原性。完全抗原可以是颗粒性抗原,亦可是可溶性抗原,而不完全抗原一般只能是可溶性抗原,不会是颗粒性抗原。
请赐教!