A53T Mutant SNCA Protein Monomer
The A53T Mutant SNCA Protein Monomer is For Research Use Only
Specificity: ~14.46 kDa
Species: Human
Expression System: E. coli
Buffer: PBS pH 7.4
Storage Temperature: -80ºC
Alternative Names: Active Human Recombinant A53T Mutant Alpha Synuclein Protein Monomer, A53T mutant alpha synuclein, A53T mutated SNCA, A53T Alpha synuclein monomer, Ala53thr mutant alpha synuclein, Active Alpha synuclein protein, Alpha-synuclein protein, Non-A beta component of AD amyloid protein, Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor protein, NACP protein, SNCA protein, NACP protein, PARK1 protein, Alpha synuclein monomers, SYN protein, Parkinson disease familial 1 Protein
Product manufactured in Canada by StressMarq.
Assay Background
Alpha-Synuclein (SNCA) is expressed predominantly in the brain, where it is concentrated in presynaptic nerve terminals. Alpha-synuclein is highly expressed in the mitochondria of the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, striatum and thalamus. Functionally, it has been shown to significantly interact with tubulin, and may serve as a potential microtubule-associated protein. It has also been found to be essential for normal development of the cognitive functions; inactivation may lead to impaired spatial learning and working memory. SNCA fibrillar aggregates represent the major non A-beta component of Alzheimers disease amyloid plaque, and a major component of Lewy body inclusions, and Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive accumulation in selected neurons of protein inclusions containing alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin. The A53T mutation is a missense point mutation where alanine is replaced by threonine at the 53rd amino acid. This mutation has been linked to early-onset Parkinson’s Disease and increased rates of alpha synuclein fibrillization.
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颗粒型抗原,除了有细菌、红细胞、螺旋体等天然颗粒型抗原,还有吸附有可溶性抗原的非免疫相关颗粒.
颗粒性抗原光镜下可见，比如细菌性抗原、红细胞抗原等；而可溶性抗原在光镜下不可见，如组织浸出液、细菌毒素、蛋白质分子等。
它们不等同于完全抗原和不完全抗原。完全抗原具有免疫原性和抗原性，而不完全抗原只具有抗原性。完全抗原可以是颗粒性抗原，亦可是可溶性抗原，而不完全抗原一般只能是可溶性抗原，不会是颗粒性抗原。
荚膜是某些细菌在细胞壁外包围的一层粘液性物质，一般由糖和多肽组成，是细菌的一种特殊结构。
作用：
①抗吞噬作用：荚膜因其亲水性及其空间占位、屏障作用，可有效抵抗寄主吞噬细胞的吞噬作用。
②黏附作用：荚膜多糖可使细菌彼此间粘连，也可黏附于组织细胞或无生命物体表面，是引起感染的重要因素，具有荚膜的S-型肺炎链球菌毒力强，有助于肺炎链球菌侵染人体；废水生物处理中的细菌荚膜有生物吸附作用，将废水中的有机物、无机物及胶体吸附在细菌体表面上。
③抗有害物质的损伤作用：处于细菌细胞最外层，荚膜犹如盔甲可有效保护菌体免受或少受多种杀菌、抑菌物质的损伤，如溶菌酶、补体等。
④抗干燥作用：荚膜多糖为高度水合分子，含水量在95%以上，可帮助细菌抵抗干燥对生存的威胁。
⑤当缺乏营养时，荚膜可被利用作碳源和能源，有的荚膜还可作氮源。
荚膜（capsule）是某些细菌在生长繁殖过程中分泌的一层黏液性物质，包围在细胞壁外，通常这种黏液层厚度小于0.2μm，成分是多糖或多肽，只有在营养丰富时或在动物体内，细菌才产生这种半抗原性质的黏液性物质。它具有保护菌体免受巨噬细胞等的捕捉和吞噬，因而具有抗吞噬抗消化、侵袭力强、与致病性关系密切等特点。像肺炎球菌、炭疽杆菌等都有这类荚膜。有些细菌的荚膜层较薄，小于0.2μm，称为微荚。
像链球菌的M蛋白、伤寒杆菌的Vi抗原、大肠杆菌的K抗原等都属于这类微荚膜。
所以一个细菌或病毒可以有很多的抗原。
请赐教！
