| Description | Pentoxifylline is a competitive nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor which raises intracellular cAMP, activates PKA, inhibits TNF and leukotriene synthesis, and reduces inflammation and innate immunity. |
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| In vitro | Pentoxifylline exhibits synergism with CDDP in killing MCF-7/E6 cells but does not affect sensitivity of the control cells. Pentoxifylline inhibits G2 checkpoint function to a greater extent in MCF-7/E6 than in the parental cells. [1] Pentoxifylline acts primarily by increasing red blood cell deformability, by reducing blood viscosity and by decreasing the potential for platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. [2] Pentoxifylline is efficacious in suppressing LPS-induced MO-derived TNF at the level of both TNF mRNA accumulation and TNF supernatant bioactivity. Pentoxifylline (10 μM) suppresses the production of both biologically active TNF and TNF mRNA expression by more than 50% in LM cells. [3] Pentoxifylline blocks cachectin/TNF mRNA accumulation but has no effect upon the efficiency of reporter mRNA translation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Pentoxifylline combined with Dexamethasone causes a greater suppression of cachectin/TNF biosynthesis that can be achieved by either agent alone in RAW 264.7 macrophages. [4] |
| In vivo | Pentoxifylline (500 mg) markedly inhibits increases in the serum levels of TNF and IL-6, as well as the effects on coagulation and fibrinolysis, in chimpanzees. Pentoxifylline (500 mg) along with Endotoxin (4 ng/kg) also has a significant effect on thrombin generation in chimpanzees. [5] |
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