Ordering
| Item | Catalog # | Description | Quantity | Price (USD) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasmid | 20297 | Standard format: Plasmid sent in bacteria as agar stab | 1 | $75 | Add to Cart | |
| AAV1 | 20297-AAV1 | Virus (100 µL at titer ≥ 1×10¹³ vg/mL)and Plasmid.More Information | Add to Cart | |||
| AAV5 | 20297-AAV5 | Virus (100 µL at titer ≥ 1×10¹³ vg/mL)and Plasmid.More Information | Add to Cart | |||
| AAV8 | 20297-AAV8 | Limited Stock Available, 4 units leftVirus (100 µL at titer ≥ 1×10¹³ vg/mL)and Plasmid.More Information | Add to Cart | |||
| AAV9 | 20297-AAV9 | Virus (100 µL at titer ≥ 1×10¹³ vg/mL)and Plasmid.More Information | Add to Cart | |||
| AAV Retrograde | 20297-AAVrg | Virus (100 µL at titer ≥ 7×10¹² vg/mL)and Plasmid.More Information | Add to Cart | |||
This material is available to academics and nonprofits only.
Backbone
- Vector backbonepAAV(Search Vector Database)
- Backbone manufacturerStratagene
- Backbone sizew/o insert(bp)5601
- Vector typeMammalian Expression, AAV
Growth in Bacteria
- Bacterial Resistance(s)Ampicillin
- Growth Temperature37°C
- Growth Strain(s)Stbl3
- Copy numberHigh Copy
Gene/Insert
- Gene/Insert namechannelrhodopsin-2
- Alt namehChR2
- Alt nameCop4
- Alt namechr2
- SpeciesC. reinhardtii
- Insert Size (bp)1647
- Mutationhumanized ChR2 gene with histidine 134 changed to arginine, to achieve higher currents
- Tag/ Fusion Protein
- mCherry (C terminal on insert)
Cloning Information
- Cloning methodRestriction Enzyme
- 5′ cloning siteAscI(not destroyed)
- 3′ cloning siteNheI(not destroyed)
- 5′ sequencing primern/a (Common Sequencing Primers)
Resource Information
- Terms and Licenses
- UBMTA
- genOway Notice of RIghts
- Takara Bio Limited Use Label License (formerly Clontech)
- Industry Terms
- Not Available to Industry
- Articles Citing this Plasmid
- 40 References
Depositor Comments
Please see images/Addgene/
for additional information.
Sequence discrepancies found during QC have no functional consequence.
Information for AAV1 (Catalog # 20297-AAV1)(Back to top)
Purpose
Ready-to-use AAV1 particles produced from pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA (#20297). In addition to the viral particles, you will also receive purified pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA plasmid DNA.
Humanized channelrhodopsin H134R mutant fused to mCherry, driven by the EF1a promoter. Cre-dependent.These AAV preparations are suitable purity for injection into animals.Delivery
- Volume100 µL
- Titer≥ 1×10¹³ vg/mL
- Pricing$350 USD for preparation of 100 µL virus + $30 USD for plasmid.
- StorageStore at -80℃. Thaw just before use and keep on ice.
- ShipmentViral particles are shipped frozen on dry ice. Plasmid DNA (≥ 200ng) will also be included in the shipment.
Viral Production & Use
- Packaging Plasmidsencode adenoviral helper sequences and AAV rep gene, AAV1 cap gene
- BufferPBS + 0.001% Pluronic F-68
- SerotypeAAV1
- PurificationIodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation
- Reporter GenemCherry (Cre-dependent)
Biosafety
Requestor is responsible for compliance withtheir institution"s biosafety regulations.Lentivirus is generally considered BSL-2. AAV isgenerally considered BSL-1, but may requireBSL-2 handling depending on the insert.Biosafety Guide
Resource Information
- Terms and Licenses
- Ancillary Agreement for Penn Vectors
- Terms of Use for Viral Vectors
- Industry Terms
- Not Available to Industry
Viral Quality Control
- Addgene ensures high quality viral vectors by optimizing and standardizing production protocols and performing rigorous quality control (QC) (see a list of our QC assays). Thespecific QC assays performed varies for each viral lot. To learn which specific QC assays were performed on your lot, please contact us.
- Titer: the exact titer of your sample will be reported on the tube. The titer you see listed on this page is the guaranteed minimum titer. See how titers are measured.
Visit our viral production page for moreinformation.
Addgene Comments
Using FLEX vectors in vivo: LoxP sites in FLEX plasmids are known to recombine during DNA amplification and viral vector production, which may result in a minority of Cre-activated (i.e., "flipped") viral vectors. Addgene has measured this occurs in 0.01-0.03% of viral vectors in our typical production protocol. This can lead to a small number of cells exhibiting Cre-independent transgene expression in vivo. To address this, we recommend titrating to find the optimal AAV dosage required for Cre-dependent transgene expression and function in vivo. This may include reducing the viral vector dosage in order to reduce the likelihood of Cre-independent expression.
Information for AAV5 (Catalog # 20297-AAV5)(Back to top)
Purpose
Ready-to-use AAV5 particles produced from pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA (#20297). In addition to the viral particles, you will also receive purified pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA plasmid DNA.
Humanized channelrhodopsin H134R mutant fused to mCherry, driven by the EF1a promoter. Cre-dependent.These AAV preparations are suitable purity for injection into animals.Delivery
- Volume100 µL
- Titer≥ 1×10¹³ vg/mL
- Pricing$350 USD for preparation of 100 µL virus + $30 USD for plasmid.
- StorageStore at -80℃. Thaw just before use and keep on ice.
- ShipmentViral particles are shipped frozen on dry ice. Plasmid DNA (≥ 200ng) will also be included in the shipment.
Viral Production & Use
- Packaging Plasmidsencode adenoviral helper sequences and AAV rep gene, AAV5 cap gene
- BufferPBS + 0.001% Pluronic F-68
- SerotypeAAV5
- PurificationIodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation
- Reporter GenemCherry (Cre-dependent)
Biosafety
Requestor is responsible for compliance withtheir institution"s biosafety regulations.Lentivirus is generally considered BSL-2. AAV isgenerally considered BSL-1, but may requireBSL-2 handling depending on the insert.Biosafety Guide
Resource Information
- Terms and Licenses
- Terms of Use for Viral Vectors
- Industry Terms
- Not Available to Industry
Viral Quality Control
- Addgene ensures high quality viral vectors by optimizing and standardizing production protocols and performing rigorous quality control (QC) (see a list of our QC assays). Thespecific QC assays performed varies for each viral lot. To learn which specific QC assays were performed on your lot, please contact us.
- Titer: the exact titer of your sample will be reported on the tube. The titer you see listed on this page is the guaranteed minimum titer. See how titers are measured.
Visit our viral production page for moreinformation.
Addgene Comments
Using FLEX vectors in vivo: LoxP sites in FLEX plasmids are known to recombine during DNA amplification and viral vector production, which may result in a minority of Cre-activated (i.e., "flipped") viral vectors. Addgene has measured this occurs in 0.01-0.03% of viral vectors in our typical production protocol. This can lead to a small number of cells exhibiting Cre-independent transgene expression in vivo. To address this, we recommend titrating to find the optimal AAV dosage required for Cre-dependent transgene expression and function in vivo. This may include reducing the viral vector dosage in order to reduce the likelihood of Cre-independent expression.
Information for AAV8 (Catalog # 20297-AAV8)(Back to top)
Purpose
Ready-to-use AAV8 particles produced from pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA (#20297). In addition to the viral particles, you will also receive purified pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA plasmid DNA.
Humanized channelrhodopsin H134R mutant fused to mCherry, driven by the EF1a promoter. Cre-dependent.These AAV preparations are suitable purity for injection into animals.Delivery
- Volume100 µL
- Titer≥ 1×10¹³ vg/mL
- Pricing$350 USD for preparation of 100 µL virus + $30 USD for plasmid.
- StorageStore at -80℃. Thaw just before use and keep on ice.
- ShipmentViral particles are shipped frozen on dry ice. Plasmid DNA (≥ 200ng) will also be included in the shipment.
Viral Production & Use
- Packaging Plasmidsencode adenoviral helper sequences and AAV rep gene, AAV8 cap gene
- BufferPBS + 0.001% Pluronic F-68
- SerotypeAAV8
- PurificationIodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation
- Reporter GenemCherry (Cre-dependent)
Biosafety
Requestor is responsible for compliance withtheir institution"s biosafety regulations.Lentivirus is generally considered BSL-2. AAV isgenerally considered BSL-1, but may requireBSL-2 handling depending on the insert.Biosafety Guide
Resource Information
- Terms and Licenses
- Ancillary Agreement for Penn Vectors
- Terms of Use for Viral Vectors
- Industry Terms
- Not Available to Industry
Viral Quality Control
- Addgene ensures high quality viral vectors by optimizing and standardizing production protocols and performing rigorous quality control (QC) (see a list of our QC assays). Thespecific QC assays performed varies for each viral lot. To learn which specific QC assays were performed on your lot, please contact us.
- Titer: the exact titer of your sample will be reported on the tube. The titer you see listed on this page is the guaranteed minimum titer. See how titers are measured.
Visit our viral production page for moreinformation.
Addgene Comments
Using FLEX vectors in vivo: LoxP sites in FLEX plasmids are known to recombine during DNA amplification and viral vector production, which may result in a minority of Cre-activated (i.e., "flipped") viral vectors. Addgene has measured this occurs in 0.01-0.03% of viral vectors in our typical production protocol. This can lead to a small number of cells exhibiting Cre-independent transgene expression in vivo. To address this, we recommend titrating to find the optimal AAV dosage required for Cre-dependent transgene expression and function in vivo. This may include reducing the viral vector dosage in order to reduce the likelihood of Cre-independent expression.
Information for AAV9 (Catalog # 20297-AAV9)(Back to top)
Purpose
Ready-to-use AAV9 particles produced from pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA (#20297). In addition to the viral particles, you will also receive purified pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA plasmid DNA.
Humanized channelrhodopsin H134R mutant fused to mCherry, driven by the EF1a promoter. Cre-dependent.These AAV preparations are suitable purity for injection into animals.Delivery
- Volume100 µL
- Titer≥ 1×10¹³ vg/mL
- Pricing$350 USD for preparation of 100 µL virus + $30 USD for plasmid.
- StorageStore at -80℃. Thaw just before use and keep on ice.
- ShipmentViral particles are shipped frozen on dry ice. Plasmid DNA (≥ 200ng) will also be included in the shipment.
Viral Production & Use
- Packaging Plasmidsencode adenoviral helper sequences and AAV rep gene, AAV9 cap gene
- BufferPBS + 0.001% Pluronic F-68
- SerotypeAAV9
- PurificationIodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation
- Reporter GenemCherry (Cre-dependent)
Biosafety
Requestor is responsible for compliance withtheir institution"s biosafety regulations.Lentivirus is generally considered BSL-2. AAV isgenerally considered BSL-1, but may requireBSL-2 handling depending on the insert.Biosafety Guide
Resource Information
- Terms and Licenses
- Ancillary Agreement for Penn Vectors
- Terms of Use for Viral Vectors
- Industry Terms
- Not Available to Industry
Viral Quality Control
- Addgene ensures high quality viral vectors by optimizing and standardizing production protocols and performing rigorous quality control (QC) (see a list of our QC assays). Thespecific QC assays performed varies for each viral lot. To learn which specific QC assays were performed on your lot, please contact us.
- Titer: the exact titer of your sample will be reported on the tube. The titer you see listed on this page is the guaranteed minimum titer. See how titers are measured.
Visit our viral production page for moreinformation.
Addgene Comments
Using FLEX vectors in vivo: LoxP sites in FLEX plasmids are known to recombine during DNA amplification and viral vector production, which may result in a minority of Cre-activated (i.e., "flipped") viral vectors. Addgene has measured this occurs in 0.01-0.03% of viral vectors in our typical production protocol. This can lead to a small number of cells exhibiting Cre-independent transgene expression in vivo. To address this, we recommend titrating to find the optimal AAV dosage required for Cre-dependent transgene expression and function in vivo. This may include reducing the viral vector dosage in order to reduce the likelihood of Cre-independent expression.
Data submitted about 20297-AAV9 by requesting scientist(s):
- Data 1: Mouse, Brain parenchyma
Information for AAV Retrograde (Catalog # 20297-AAVrg)(Back to top)
Purpose
Ready-to-use AAV Retrograde particles produced from pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA (#20297). In addition to the viral particles, you will also receive purified pAAV-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry-WPRE-HGHpA plasmid DNA.
Humanized channelrhodopsin H134R mutant fused to mCherry, driven by the EF1a promoter. Cre-dependent.These AAV were produced with a retrograde serotype, which permits retrograde access to projection neurons.These AAV preparations are suitable purity for injection into animals.Delivery
- Volume100 µL
- Titer≥ 7×10¹² vg/mL
- Pricing$350 USD for preparation of 100 µL virus + $30 USD for plasmid.
- StorageStore at -80℃. Thaw just before use and keep on ice.
- ShipmentViral particles are shipped frozen on dry ice. Plasmid DNA (≥ 200ng) will also be included in the shipment.
Viral Production & Use
- Packaging Plasmidsencode adenoviral helper sequences and AAV rep gene, AAV retrograde cap gene from rAAV2-retro helper (plasmid #81070)
- BufferPBS + 0.001% Pluronic F-68 + 200 mM NaCl
- SerotypeAAV retrograde (AAVrg)
- PurificationIodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation
- Reporter GenemCherry (Cre-dependent)
Biosafety
Requestor is responsible for compliance withtheir institution"s biosafety regulations.Lentivirus is generally considered BSL-2. AAV isgenerally considered BSL-1, but may requireBSL-2 handling depending on the insert.Biosafety Guide
Resource Information
- Terms and Licenses
- Terms of Use for Viral Vectors
- Industry Terms
- Not Available to Industry
Viral Quality Control
- Addgene ensures high quality viral vectors by optimizing and standardizing production protocols and performing rigorous quality control (QC) (see a list of our QC assays). Thespecific QC assays performed varies for each viral lot. To learn which specific QC assays were performed on your lot, please contact us.
- Titer: the exact titer of your sample will be reported on the tube. The titer you see listed on this page is the guaranteed minimum titer. See how titers are measured.
Visit our viral production page for moreinformation.
Addgene Comments
Retrograde functionality is dependent on high viral titers. Addgene recommends not diluting your AAV preps prior to use.Using FLEX vectors in vivo: LoxP sites in FLEX plasmids are known to recombine during DNA amplification and viral vector production, which may result in a minority of Cre-activated (i.e., "flipped") viral vectors. Addgene has measured this occurs in 0.01-0.03% of viral vectors in our typical production protocol. This can lead to a small number of cells exhibiting Cre-independent transgene expression in vivo. To address this, we recommend titrating to find the optimal AAV dosage required for Cre-dependent transgene expression and function in vivo. This may include reducing the viral vector dosage in order to reduce the likelihood of Cre-independent expression.
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制冰机原理：
制冰机是一种将水通过蒸发器由制冷系统制冷剂冷却后生成冰的制冷机械设备。根据蒸发器和生成过程方式原理不同，生成的冰的形状也不同，人们一般根据冰形状将制冰机分为颗粒冰机、片冰机、板冰机、管冰机、壳冰机等等。
制冰机的分类：
按冰的形状可分：鳞形片冰机，雪花制冰机，条冰机，板冰机，块冰机（可分食用小块冰机和工业用大块冰机），冰粒机，颗粒机，管冰机，子弹头制冰机。
实验室制冰机种类选择：
我们平时在外面就餐时，经常看到商家在饮料中加入冰块，有时候是方块的，有时候是中空的，还有在菜市场买海鲜的时候也会看到下面铺着一层冰，究竟有什么区别吗？我们在开展实验室工作的时候，应如何选择制冰机呢？
实验室制冰机主要是用于在开展生命科学相关实验时，给样品提供冰浴环境，防止样品（如核酸、蛋白）因为温度的变化导致降解或变质，从而保障实验结果的准确性和有效性。绝大部分的时候，我们的样品是放在EP管、离心管、pcr管等容器里面，然后把样品管插在冰浴中，靠接触来实现温度的保持。由于样品和冰无法直接接触，而是要通过管壁来传输，所以管壁和冰浴的接触面积是冰浴效果的保障，为了更好的保障样品，应尽量的扩大管壁和冰浴的接触面积。
针对以上考虑，实验室制冰机一般选择雪花制冰机，该种类型的制冰机生产出来的冰呈雪花状碎冰，由于颗粒很小，可以和管壁进行密切的接触，保障冰浴效果。
对于出冰的具体要求中，还有一点是非常重要的，出来的雪花冰要求有15-25%的含水量，这样可极大的提高冰浴和管壁的接触效果。
文章来源：厦门国仪科学仪器有限公司
谢谢各位！
不过制冰机里的冰不可以，那冰怎么得到呢？
protocol上面说在离心菌液的时候离心管里面要有1/2的冰啊，这个冰应该是碎冰而不是直接冻出来的整块的冰吧。
大家是怎么得到的呢？谢谢！！
