| Isotype | IgG1 (F)/IgG1(PE) |
| Product Type | Bi-Testª Reagents (FITC/RPE) |
| Units | 100 Tests |
| Host | Mouse |
| Species reactivity | Human |
| Application | Flow Cytometry |
BackgroundIdentification of CD4 on human helper/inducer T cells expressingthe60,000 M.W. surface antigen (HLA class II reactive). CD4 is present in low density on monocytes. Identification of CD8 on human T cells suppressor/cytotoxic expressing the 32,000 M.W. alpha subunit surface antigens.
Synonyms: CD4 FITC - CD8 PE
Source
Immunogen: CD4=Derived from the hybridization of mouse NS-1 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with human perherial blood T lymphocytes. CD8=Derived from the hybridization of mouse NS-1 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with human perherial blood T lymphocytes.
Product
Product Form: Bi-Test (FITC/RPE) Reagent
Formulation: Provided as solution in phosphate buffered saline with 0.08% sodium azide and 0.2% carrier protein
Purification Method: Protein A/G Chromatography
Concentration: Titered for flow cytometry
ApplicationsPBMC: Add10 µl of MAB/10^6 PBMC in 100 µl PBS. Mix gently and incubate for 15 minutes at 2º to8ºC. Wash twice with PBS and analyze or fix with 0.5% v/v of paraformaldehyde in PBS and analyze.WHOLE BLOOD: Add10 µl of MAB/100 µl of whole blood.Mix gently and incubate for 15 minutes at room temperature 20ºC. Lyse the whole blood. Wash once with PBS and analyze or fix with 0.5% v/v ofparaformaldehyde in PBS and analyze. See instrument manufacturer’s instructions for Lysed Whole Blood and Immunofluorescence analysis with a flow cytometer or microscope.
Functional Analysis: Flow Cytometry Staining
StorageProduct should be stored at 4-8ºC. DO NOT FREEZE
Product Stability: Reagents are stable for the period shown on the vial label when stored properly
Shipping Conditions: Room Temperature
CautionThis product is intended FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, and FOR TESTS IN VITRO, not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures involving humans or animals. It may contain hazardous ingredients. Please refer to the Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for additional information and proper handling procedures. Dispose product remainders according to local regulations.This datasheet is as accurate as reasonably achievable, but Nordic-MUbio accepts no liability for any inaccuracies or omissions in this information.
References1. Thymus Dependent Membrane Antigens in Man: Inhibition of Cell-Mediated Lympholysis by Monoclonal Antibodies to the TH-2 Antigen. Evans, R.L., Wall, D.W., Platsoucas, C.D., Siegal, F.P., Fikrig, S.M., Testa, C.M, and Good, R.A. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 78,544,1981. 2. Novel Immunoregulatory Functions of Phenotypically Distinct Subpopulations of CD4+ cells in the Human Neonate. Clement, L.T., Vink, P.E., Bradley, G.E. J. Immunology 145(1):102-8,1990 . 3. Antigen Presentation by the CD4 Positive Monocyte Subset. Szabo, G.,Miller, C.L., Kodys, K., J. Leukoc. Biol. 47(2): 111-20,1990. 4. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection is Efficiently Mediated by a Glycolipid-Anchored form of CD4. Diamond, D.C., Finberg, R., Chaudhuri, S., Sleckman, B.P., Burakoff, S.J., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 87(13):5001-5,1990. 5. Development Regulation of the Intrathymic T cell Precursor Population. Adkins, B.,J. Immunol. 146(5):1387-93,1991. 6. Induction of CD4 and Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection in Human CD8+ T Lymphocytes by Human Herpesvirus 6. Lusso, P., De Maria, A., Malnati, M., Lori, F., DeRocco, S.E., Baseler, M., Gallo, R.C., Nat. 349(6309):533-5,1991. 7. Evolutionary Conservation of Surface Molecules that Distinguish T Lymphocyte Helper/Inducer and T Cytotoxic/Suppressor Subpopulations in Mouse and Man. Ledbetter,J.A., Evans, R.L., Lipinski,M., Cunningham-Rundles,C., Good, R.A., and Herzenberg, L.A., J. Exp. Med. 153,310, 1981. 8. Circulating Antigen-Specific Suppressor T Cells in a Healthy Woman: Mechanism of Action and Isolation with a Monoclonal Antibody. Engleman, E.G., Benike, C.J., and Evans, R.L., Clin. Res. 29, 365a 1981. 9. Induction of Immunoglobulin Secreting Cells in the Allogeneic Mixed Leukocyte Reaction: Regulation by Helper and Suppressor Lymphocyte Subsets in Man. Kotzin, B.L., Benike, C.J. and Engleman, E.G., J. Imm. 127,931,1981. 10. CD4 and CD8 molecules can physically associate with the same T-cell receptor. Gallagher, P.F., Fazekas de St. Groth, B.,Miller,J.F.A.P., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1989,86:10044.
Protein Reference(s)
Database Name: UniProt
Accession number: P01730, P01732
Safety Datasheet(s) for this product:NM_Sodium Azide/wp-content/uploads/SDS/Antibody SDS with Sodium Azide Noridic-MUbio.pdf
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其次,察看次目的蛋白的存在形式,有没有多聚体形式及变构形式;
最后,查看多家抗体公司的DATA,看看别人的WB做出来的条带的位置。
根据你说的,特异识别多个组织中的同样大小的条带,我觉得很可能就是你的目的蛋白。
1、制备抗原。
2、选择实验动物。
3、动物免疫。
4、试取血进行测试,看看是否成功免疫。
5、如果成功免疫,杀死实验动物,采集全部血清。
6、纯化出抗体。
7、鉴定抗体。包括纯度以及特异性。
二、抗体分类
抗原通常是由多个抗原决定簇组成的,由一种抗原决定簇刺激机体,由一个B淋巴细胞接受该抗原所产生的抗体称之为单克隆抗体(Monoclone antibody)。由多种抗原决定簇刺激机体,相应地就产生各种各样的单克隆抗体,这些单克隆抗体混杂在一起就是多克隆抗体,机体内所产生的抗体就是多克隆抗体;除了抗原决定簇的多样性以外,同样一类抗原决定簇,也可刺激机体产生IgG、IgM、IgA、IgE和IgD等五类抗体。多克隆抗体是由异源抗原(大分子抗原、半抗原偶联物)刺激机体产生免疫反应,有机体浆细胞分泌的一组免疫球蛋白。多克隆抗体由于其可识别多个抗原表位、可引起沉淀反应,制备时间短,成本低的原因广泛应用于研究和诊断方面。
三、免疫方法
可以采用以下各种方法之一进行免疫。
(1)淋巴结注射法:①在兔的两后足跖部皮下(或皮内)注射活卡介苗 50mg(每侧约0.30ml) 。7~10 天后,兔跖及腘肌淋巴结肿大;②于肿大的两侧淋巴结内各注射加有完全佐剂的IgG 乳化抗原 0.50ml(含 IgG 5mg/ml、青霉素 1 000U/ml、链霉素 1 000μg/ml);③必要时,14 天后,重复步骤②一次;④再过 7 天后,于两侧淋巴结内各注射加有完全佐剂的 IgG 乳化抗原0.50ml(含IgG5mg/ml、青霉素 1 000U/ml、链霉素 1 000μg/ml) ;⑤5~7天后,耳静脉采血。测定血清效价。
(2)皮下多点注射法:①家兔两侧掌(跖内各注射含有完全佐剂抗原 0.10ml(IgG 含量5mg/ml) ;②7~10 天后,脊柱两侧多点(颈、胸、腰椎各两点、共 6 点)皮下注射含不完全佐剂5的抗原,每点 0.50ml;③7~10 天后,脊柱两侧重复注射一次;④7~10 天后试血。不合格者重复步骤③。
(3)多途径联合注射法:①两侧掌(跖)内侧皮下注射含完全佐剂抗原 0.50ml(IgG 量为 5mg/ml) ;②14 天后,多点皮下注射含有不完全佐剂抗原;③7 天后,耳静脉注射不含佐剂的抗原 2ml;④测定血清抗体效价,不合格者重复步骤③,并适当递增 IgG 量。
多抗,稀释度更大,特异性相对较差,容易出现多条带。
兔的单克隆抗体和鼠的单克隆抗体在使用上不会有什么区别。
用来很多抗体,许多时候觉得单抗多抗也未必是理论上那样的。单抗做不好的也有,多抗条带唯一且清晰的也有。
而且很多蛋白的抗体未必有那么多的选择。
1.单克隆抗体的优点:
(1)杂交瘤可以在体外“永久”地存活并传代,只要不发生细胞株的基因突变,就可以不断的生产高特异性、高均一性的抗体.
(2)可以用相对不纯的抗原,获得大量高度特异的、均一的抗体.
(3)由于可能得到“无限量”的均一性抗体,所以适用于以标记抗体为特点的免疫学分析方法,如IRMA和ELISA等.
(4)由于单克隆抗体的高特异性和单一生物学功能,可用于体内的放射免疫显像和免疫导向治疗.
2.单克隆抗体的局限性:
(1)单克隆抗体固定的亲和性和局限的生物活性限制了它的应用范围.由于单克隆抗体不能进行沉淀和凝集反应,所以很多检测方法不能用单克隆抗体完成.
(2)单克隆抗体的反应强度不如多克隆抗体.
(3)制备技术复杂,而且费时费工,所以单克隆抗体的价格也较高.
抗原有两个基本特性,即抗原性和免疫原性。有抗原性的物质不一定有免疫原性,所以由此引出半抗原和完全全抗原,半抗原必须经过经过一定的改造(偶联蛋白载体BSA,OVA或者HSA等大分子物质)方能成为完全。一般而言完全抗原分子量越大(大于10KDa),结构越复杂引起免疫反应的能力也就越强。
抗体就是能与特异性抗原结合的免疫球蛋白,抗体一般分为多克隆抗体和单克隆抗体,多克隆抗体能与抗原的多个表位结合。本篇主要讲述兔来源的多克隆抗体的生产步骤
多抗一般制备流程:完全抗原的准备→兔子的免疫→ 效价检测和终放→抗体亲和纯化→抗体的浓缩和保存。

