
Overview:
14-3-3alpha/betaisamemberofthehighlyconserved14-3-3familyofproteinswhichmediatesignaltransductionbybindingtophosphoserine-containingproteins(1).14-3-3alpha/betaproteinhasbeenshowntointeractwithRAF1andCDC25phosphatases,suggestingthatitmayplayaroleinlinkingmitogenicsignalingandthecellcyclemachinery.14-3-3-alpha/betainteractswiththeTSC1-TSC2dimer(2).TheinteractionrequiredphosphorylationofTSC2atSer1210.Bindingof14-3-3-alpha/betatoTSC2didnotaltertheinteractionbetweenTSC1andTSC2,butitreducedtheABIlityofthecomplextoinhibitphosphorylationofribosomalproteinS6kinaseimpairingtheabilityofthecomplextoinhibitcellgrowth.
GeneAliases:
14-3-3alpha/beta,Ywhab;1300003C17Rik;14-3-3b
GenbankNumber:
NM_018753
References:
1.Yaffe,MB.etal:Thestructuralbasisfor14-3-3:phosphopeptidebindingspecificity.Cell91:961-971,1997.2.Shumway,SD.etal:14-3-3-betabindstoandnegativelyregulatesthetuberoussclerosiscomplex2(TSC2)tumorsuppressorgeneproduct,tuberin.J.Biol.Chem.278:2089-2092,2003.
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算上其他生物24种
大概是记不太清了
NaturalProteinStopsDeadlyHumanBrainCancerInMice
ScientistsfromJohnsHopkinsandfromtheUniversityofMilanhaveeffectivelyproventhattheycaninhibitlethalhumanbraincancersinmiceusingaproteinthatselectivelyinducespositivechangesintheactivityofcellsthatbehavelikecancerstemcells.ThereportispublishedinNature.
Themostcommontypeofbraincancer-glioblastoma-ismarkedbythepresenceofthesestem-cell-likebraincells,which,insteadoftriggeringthereplacementofdamagedcells,formcancertissue.Stemcells,unlikeallothercellsinthebody,arecapableofformingalmostanykindofcellwhentheright"signals"triggertheirdevelopment.
Fortheirtreatmentexperiment,theresearchersreliedonaclassofproteins,bonemorphogenicproteins,thatcauseneuralstem-cell-likeclusterstolosetheirstemcellproperties,whichinturnstopstheirABIlitytodivide.
Firsttheypretreatedhumanglioblastomacellswithbonemorphogenicprotein4(BMP4),theninjectedthesetreatedcellsintomousebrains.Inmiceinjectedwithcellsthatwerenotpretreated,large,invasivecancersgrew.InthemicewithBMP4-treatedcells,nocancersgrewatall.Threetofourmonthsafterinjection,allmicethatgotuntreatedcellsdied,andnearlyallmicewithBMP4-treatedcellswerealive.
Next,thescientistsdeliveredslow-releaseBMP4-containing"beads"directlyintomousebrainswithimplantedglioblastomacells.Micethatgotemptybeadsdevelopedlargemalignanttumorsanddied.MicewithBMP4beadssurvivedmuchlonger,and80percentsurvivedfourmonthsaftercancercellimplants.
"OurideaistotreatpatientswithBMP4orsomethinglikeitrightaftersurgerytoremoveglioblastomainhopesofpreventingtheregrowthofthecancerandimprovingsurvivaltime,"saysAlessandroOlivi,M.D.,directoroftheDivisionofNeurosurgicalOncologyatHopkinsandacontributortothestudy.
OlivisaysclinicalstudiesusingBMP4couldbeginwithinayearand,ifsuccessful,drugtherapiescouldbeavailabletothepublicwithinthreetofouryears.
"ThiswasproofoftheideathatBMPscouldstopglioblastomabydepletingthestem-cell-likepopulationthatfeedsit,"saysHenryBrem,M.D.,chairmanoftheDepartmentofNeurosurgeryatHopkinsandacollaboratorinthestudy."Thisopensexcitingdoorstofutureresearchintotreatmentsandtherapiesforsuchadevastatingdisease."

