- Description
- Additional Information
- Readable Documents
- Assay Principle
- Reviews
Introduction
A new novel probe, Aminophenyl fluorescein (APF), developed by Tetsuo Nagano et. al. (1), is a general selective indcator for the detection of highly Reactive Oxygen Species (hROS). The probe has little reactivity towards other ROS such as: singlet oxygen (O21), superoxide (O2– •), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO•), and alkyl peroxide (RO2•) (see table below)1. APF is a cell permeable indicator that can be used to detect Hydroxyl Radical (.OH), Peroxynitrite: (ONOO- ) and hypochlorite (-OCl) production in cells.
Several fluorescent probes such as 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH) and di-hydrorhodamine123, have been developed to detect Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). As Hempel and co-workers (2) have indicated, DCFH and di-hydrorhodamine123 can react with various ROS and oxidizing species such as hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, superoxide, nitric oxide, ferrous ion, and others. These probes should be considered as detecting a broad range of ROS (2).
Key Benefits
- Quenched Cell permeable dye.
- One Step, No wash Homogenous assay.
- Adaptable to High throughput assay platforms.
- Can monitor multiple time points to follow real time kinetics.
- Non-destructive cell based assay allows monitoring of additional parameters.
- Applications – Fluorescent plate reader / Flow Cytometery / Fluorescent Microscopy.
Additional information
| Kit Size | 150 |
|---|

| Document Title |
| hROSProtocol |
| Fluoro hROS Datasheet |
| msds.APF-HPF-OCl |
| Title | File | Link | Author(s) | Journal | Year; Edition:Pages |
| Benzyl isothiocyanate-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species causes cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis via activation of MAPK in human pancreatic cancer cells | http://carcin.oxfordjournals.org/content/30/10/1744.short | Ravi P. Sahu, Ruifen Zhang, Sanjay Batra, Yan Shi and Sanjay K. Srivastava | Carcinogenesis | (2009), Volume 30, Issue10, Pp. 1744-1753 | |
| Generation of highly-reactive oxygen species is closely related to hair cell damage in rat organ of corti treated with gentamicin | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306452209003352 | Y.H. Choung, A. Taura, K. Pak, S.J. Choi, M. Masuda and A.F. Ryan | Neuroscience | Volume 161, Issue 1, 16 June 2009, Pages 214-226 | |
| Post-translational activation of human phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase from an endobiotic to a xenobiotic enzyme by reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species | http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/00498251003675207 | A. Antypa, C. Rebello, A. Biernacka, K. Krajewski, J. Cassam, S. C. Mitchell, G. B. Steventon | May 2010, Vol. 40, No. 5, Pages 319-330 | ||
| Crocetin prevents retinal degeneration induced by oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses via inhibition of caspase activity | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014299910010071 | Mika Yamauchi, Kazuhiro Tsuruma, Shunsuke Imai, Tomohiro Nakanishi, Naofumi Umigai, Masamitsu Shimazawa and Hideaki Hara | European Journal of Pharmacology | Volume 650, Issue 1, 10 January 2011, Pages 110-119 |
| Reference |
| Ken-ichi Setsukinai, Yasuteru Urano, Katsuko Kakinuma, Hideyuki J. Majima , and Tetsuo Nagano. Development of Novel Fluorescence Probes That Can Reliably Detect Reactive Oxygen Species and Distinguish Specific Species. THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Vol. 278, No. 5, Issue of January 31, pp. 3170–3175, 2003 |
| Hempel, S. L., Buettner, G. R., O’Malley, Y. Q., Wessels, D. A., and Flaherty, D. M. (1999) Free Radical Biol. Med. 27, 146–159 |
| Part# | Reagent | Temperature |
| Part# 4011 | APF Dye | 2-8C |
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患者,双手扶墙,脚尖着地;医生做好消毒,戴上手套,利用放血针(可以利用测血糖的放血针),在委中穴点刺放血,利用拔罐器把瘀血抽出来,直到见到新鲜血液为止。委中穴是解毒大穴。
中医强调治症不治病,虽然身体还有病毒,但是,只要症状能够解除,不影响正常生活和工作,就可以了。
需要强调:医生,一定要做好消毒、保护,防止病毒感染。 另外,可以把艾滋病作为一种疫病,尝试五苓散;五苓散是用来治疗疫病的。
核心抗原由183个或185个氨基酸组成,高度磷酸化,是乙肝病毒核心颗粒的唯一结构蛋白。正由于它存在于Dane颗粒核心结构表面,被表面抗原覆盖,故不易在血循环中检出。核心抗原具有强免疫原性,可诱导很强的体液免疫和细胞免疫,刺激机体产生抗-HBc。
e抗原为可溶性蛋白质,传染性强,游离存在于血液中,虽然很早就被发现,在病理上认为是HBV复制以具有强感染性的一个指标,但其功能尚不清楚。抗-HBe的出现,是预后良好的征象。向左转|向右转
主要是中度以上细胞免疫缺陷包括:CD4+T淋巴细胞耗竭,外周血淋巴细胞显著减少,CD4<200/μl,CD4/CD8<1.0,(正常人为1.25~2.1),迟发型变态反应皮试阴性,有丝分裂原刺激反应低下。NK细胞活性下降。
2.各种致病性感染的病原体检查
如用PCR方法检测相关病原体,恶性肿瘤的组织病理学检查。
3.HIV抗体检测
采用酶联免疫吸附法、明胶颗粒凝集试验、免疫荧光检测法、免疫印迹检测法、放射免疫沉淀法等,其中前三项常用于筛选试验,后二者用于确证试验。
4.PCR技术检测HIV病毒。
流感病毒的基因组包含________基因,其中__________蛋白可作为__________的结构基础.
我不知道第一空如何填,第二空是否应该填"HA蛋白"?第3空是否应该填"突变"?
多谢各位啊!
新年快乐!
万事如意!
1、存在于细胞外环境时,不显复制活性,但保持感染活性,是病毒体或病毒颗粒形式。
2、抗原,是指能够刺激机体产生(特异性)免疫应答,并能与免疫应答产物抗体和致敏淋巴细胞在体外结合,发生免疫效应(特异性反应)的物质

