- Description
- Additional Information
- Readable Documents
- Assay Principle
- Reviews
Key Benefits
- Can monitor multiple time points to follow kinetics.
- One-step, no wash assay.
- Adaptable for High Throughput format.
- Highly Sensitive.
- Applications – Fluorescent Plate Reader.
Additional information
| Kit Size | 500+300 |
|---|
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a highly cationic glycosolated hemoprotein that has a molecular weight of 144kD. The hemoprotein consists of two dimers linked via a disulfide bridge. Each dimmer is composed of a heavy (53kD) and light (15kD) subunit. Each heavy chain contains an independently acting protoporphyrin group containing a central iron (1-5). MPO is present in the azurophilic granules of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and is unique to neutrophils and monocytes. However, monocytes contain only one third of the MPO found in PMN’s. MPO utilizes H202 produced by the neutrophils to oxidize a varity of aromatic compounds to give substrate radicals for bactericidal activity (4 review). This enzyme is unique however in that it can oxidize chloride ions to produce a strong nonradical oxidant,HOCl. HOCl is the most powerful bactericidal produced by neutrophils (4 review). Excessive production of these radicals can cause oxidative stress leading to oxidative tissue injury.
Chlorination Reaction:
H2O2 + MPO + Cl- —-> HOCl + APF (non fluorescent) —-> Fluorescent Dye
Excitation:488nm; Emission: 515-530nm
Peroxidation Reaction:
H2O2 + Detection reagent (non-fluorescent)+ MPO —–> fluorescent analog
Excitation 530-571nm Emission 590-600nm
Figure 1. In this figure, the MPO standard curve was serially diluted in 1X Reaction Buffer. Reaction cocktail (RC) was prepared as described (without EPO inhibitor). Next 50µL of MPO standard and 50µL of RC was added to individual well of 96- well black plates. The plate was incubated at room and temperature in the dark. Data collected Ex:530nm, Em:590nm
Figure 2. Red Blood Cell AChE (RBC-AChE) was purified and protein concentration determined using the BCA Protein Assay Kit (Pierce). The RBC-AChE was titrated in 1X reaction buffer and activity determined using the Fluoro: AChE kit. Acetylcholine concentration = 1mM final. In the graph the background value has been subtracted (0 RBC-AChE) to generate standard curve.
| Document Title |
| MPOHOCL Protocol |
| Fluoro MPOHOCL Datasheet |
| msds.Mpohocl |
| Reference |
| Olsen, R. L. & Little, c. (1983) Biochem. J. 209, 781-787. |
| Nauseef, W. M., and Malech, H. L. (1986) Blood, 67, 1504-1507. |
| Andrews, P. C., Parnes, C., and Krinsky, N. I. (1984) Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 228, 439-442. |
| Mark B. Hampton, Anthony J. Kettle, and Christine C. Winterbourn. Inside the Neutrophil Phagosome: Oxidants, Myeloperoxidase, and Bacterial Killing. Blood, Vol. 92 No. 9 (November 1), 1998: pp. 3007-3017 |
| Mark B. Hampton, Anthony J. Kettle, and Christine C. Winterbourn. Inside the Neutrophil Phagosome: Oxidants, Myeloperoxidase, and Bacterial Killing. Blood, Vol. 92 No. 9 (November 1), 1998: pp. 3007-3017 |
| Andrews, P.C., Parnes, C. & Krinsky, N.I. (1984) Comparison of myeloperoxidase and hemi-myeloperoxidase with respect to catalysis, regulation, and bacterial activity. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 228, 439–442. |
| Bolognesi ML et al. Propidium-based polyamine ligands as potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase-induced amyloid-beta aggregation. J Med Chem. 2005 Jan 13;48(1):24-7. |
| Ken-ichi Setsukinai, Yasuteru Urano, Katsuko Kakinuma, Hideyuki J. Majima , and Tetsuo Nagano. Development of Novel Fluorescence Probes That Can Reliably Detect Reactive Oxygen Species and Distinguish Specific Species. THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Vol. 278, No. 5, Issue of January 31, pp. 3170–3175, 2003 |
| Part# | Reagent | Temperature |
| Part# 4007 | Detection Reagent, 1 Vial | -20C |
| Part# 3002 | 10X Assay Buffer, 60mL | 2-8C |
| Part# 3012 | Hydrogen Peroxide, 1000µL of a Stabilized 3% Solution | 2-8C |
| Part# 6015 | Myeloperoxidase, 1 Vial at 30Units/mL | 2-8C |
| Part# 4011 | APF, 1 Vial | 2-8C |
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要收集临床病人的血清做mRNA,每天收集然后集中检测,问题来了:保存的EP管要用DEPC处理过的吗,就算保存时用的无RNA酶的管子,可是抽血的真空管也没处理过啊。我现在就用普通的管子冻在-70了,请教大家这样行不行啊?
有DNase、RNase、核酸酶S1等,可水解相应的DNA和RNA,核酸酶S1可降解单链DNA和RNA,用量增大也可降解双链核酸。它可用于切去ds-cDNA合成中产生的发夹环。
(2)修饰酶
有些酶可在其他酶的作用下,将酶的结构进行共价修饰,使该酶活性发生改变,
核酶的催化功能与其空间结构有密切关系。
不同的核酶可分为两类:
1 剪切型核酶:只剪不接,如M1 RNA。
2 剪接型核酶:该酶具有序列特异的内切核酸酶、RNA连接酶等多种酶活性。
加工场所在生物体细胞质(或相关实验设备中)。
比如用QIAGEN的RNase-free的DNase处理的,不是加了DNase就结束了,为了去除DNase(蛋白)和buffer等可能影响到后期操作的因素,所以酶解了DNA后必须纯化RNA(QIAGEN的纯化柱),这样得到的RNA才用于定量实验。即使这样,在做real-time PCR时都要加一管仅加RNA的作为阴性对照(排除DNA的污染)。
2、异硫氰酸胍:目前认为是最有效的RNA酶抑制剂,它在裂解组织的同时也使RNA酶失活,它既可破坏细胞结构使核酸从核蛋白中解离出来,又对RNA酶有强烈的变性作用。
3、氧钒核糖核苷复合物:由氧化钒离子和核苷形成的复合物,它和RNA酶结合形式过渡类物质,几乎能完全抑制RNA酶的活性。
4、RNA酶的蛋白质抑制剂(RNasin):从大鼠肝或人胚盘中提取得来的酸性糖蛋白.Rnasin是RNA酶的一种非竞争性抑制剂,可以和多种RNA酶结合,使其失活。
5、其他:SDS、尿素、硅藻土等对RNA酶也有一定的抑制作用。
大家都知道,提取RNA的时候,去除RNA酶污染,有时候是非常关键的。好多情况下,我们都是在用DEPC,但是DEPC有毒,又容易和Tris试剂中的巯基反应,没办法配制Tris试剂。
我看到过一些资料好像是说氢氧化钠配制的溶液也可以去除RNA酶,按照道理来讲,高浓度的碱可以使得蛋白变性,自然也可以使得RNA酶变性。
然后我试了试,我配制1Mol/L的氢氧化钠,这个浓度已经很高了,用配制的氢氧化钠去处理了一些吸管,烧杯,提取过程中要用到的东西。然后我又用无RNA酶水(这个实验室以前配制了不少)泡了泡这些氢氧化钠处理过的吸管烧杯之类的东西。自然,我也提取RNA试了试,似乎却没有成功。我发现最后提取的RNA浓度低,仅仅为20纳克/微升。虽然A260/A280,比值能到1.98,还不错。但是浓度很低。我跑电泳就能够猜到,没有看出来有条带。自然我后面做pcr的actin也没有结果。
虽然我这次用到的组织样,可能很少,只有小指甲的三分之一,但对于是否提取出来了RNA,我依然产生了怀疑。
幸亏我是做一个植物标本,我还有无限制的样本可以让我折腾。因此我想问的是,NaOH到底能不能去除RNA酶污染。
如果可以,该怎么用。该怎么用,该怎么用。
RNA聚合酶的作用位点:3'-5'-磷酸二酯键
DNA解旋酶的作用位点:DNA中互补碱基之间的氢键
从地球形成之初的一片混沌到第一个生命的出现,期间究竟发生了哪些事情一直是许多科学家想知道的事情。藉由巴斯德对于自然发生说的驳斥到达尔文的天择说,我们对于生命的起源这个大问题(BigQuestion)的答案也慢慢有越来越多的认识,而透过具有催化功能之RNA的发现,“RNA世界(RNAworld)”的假说也渐渐成为目前解释生命起源里最主流的说法。
尽管RNA同时具有可携带遗传讯息与催化的能力,使其被认为最适合作为早期的生命物质,但在RNA之前的生命物质为何、RNA如何将携带遗传讯息的能力传给目前的DNA及如何将酶催化等功能移转给蛋白质等问题却一直缺乏有力的假说。特别是功能(例如酶活性),由于其系取决于三度空间之排列方式,功能并无法如遗传讯息般,可经由配对(base-pairing)方式有效地在DNA与RNA之间以线性方式传递,造成生物分子间的功能传递机制始终不明。
藉由活体外演化的技术,来自ScrippsResearchInstitute的研究人员成功证明了两种系统间除了遗传讯息可透过一对一对应之方式转移,在一定次数的突变下,功能也有可能在两系统间进行转移。于其实验中,研究人员以R3CRNA连接(由57个核酸所组成的RNA酶)为基础先合成了相对应的DNA序列,如所预期,初合成之DNA序列并不具任何催化活性。然而,在透过一定循环的活体外演化技术后,科学家成功地在试管中发现了一段具有和原始之RNA连接?活性相当的DNA序列,这证明了以核酸为基础之遗传讯息系统之间,除了遗传讯息可透过线性的方式进行传递,在一定次数的突变之下,功能也可以同样的方式在两系统间进行转移。
原学术论文:
NatashaPaul,GregSpringsteen,andGeraldF.Joyce,2006,ConversionofaRibozymetoaDeoxyribozymethroughInVitroEvolution,Chemistry&BIOLOGy,13,p.329–338

