Product Specification:
| Alternative Name: | P4HB, protein disulfide isomerase |
| Clone: | 1D3 |
| Host: | Mouse |
| Isotype: | IgG1 |
| Immunogen: | Synthetic peptide corresponding to the sequence near the C-terminus of rat PDI. |
| UniProt ID: | P04785 |
| Species reactivity: | Human, Mouse, Rat Bovine, Chicken, Dog, Guinea pig, Hamster, Monkey, Porcine, Rabbit, Sheep, Xenopus |
| Applications: | Flow Cytometry |
| Recommended Dilutions/Conditions: | Flow Cytometry (1:100) Suggested dilutions/conditions may not be available for all applications. Optimal conditions must be determined individually for each application. |
| Application Notes: | Detects a band of ~58kDa by Western blot. |
| Purity Detail: | Protein G affinity purified. |
| Formulation: | Liquid. In PBS, pH 7.2, containing 0.09% sodium azide. |
| Handling: | Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. Protect from light. |
| Shipping: | Blue Ice Not Frozen |
| Long Term Storage: | +4°C |
| Scientific Background: | The mammalian protein disulphide-isomerase (PDI) family encompasses several highly divergent proteins involved in the processing and maturation of secretory proteins in the ER by catalyzing the rearrangement of disulphide bonds. PDI, an abundant protein of the ER (>400uM), contains a carboxy-terminal retention signal sequence, KDEL, similar to that of BiP and Grp94. The PDI proteins are characterized by the presence of one or more domains of ~95-110 amino acids related to the cytoplasmic protein thioredoxin. All but the PDI-D subfamily are composed entirely of repeats of such domains, with at least one domain containing - and one domain lacking - a redox-active-Cys-X-X-Cys-tetrapeptide. In addition to roles as redox catalysts and isomerases, PDI proteins perform such functions as peptide binding and cell adhesion, and may conduct chaperone activities. Platelet surface thiols and disulphides play an important role in platelet responses. Catalytically active PDI resides on platelet surfaces where it mediates platelet aggregation and secretion by reducing disulfide bonds, thus exposing fibrinogen receptors in platelets. |
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外泌体参与细胞间通讯，目前对外泌体的研究兴趣日益增长，小编整理一些外泌体相关的数据库，供研究者学习使用。
ExosomeDatabase
www.ExosomeData.com
EVpedia--Databaseofexosomalproteome,transcriptome,andlipidome
http://www.evpedia.info/
Apublicdatabaseforextracellularvesiclesresearch.
EVpediaisanintegratedandcomprehensiveproteome,transcriptome,andlipidomedatabaseofEVsderivedfromarchaea,bacteria,andeukarya,includinghuman.
EVpediaprovidesanarrayoftools,suchassearchandbrowsetoolsforvesicularproteins,comparisonofvesiculardatasetsbyorthologidentification,GeneOntologyenrichmentanalysesandnetworkanalysesofvesicularproteins.FurThermore,EVpediaprovidesdatabasesofvesicularmRNAs,miRNAs,andlipids.Thus,EVpediamightserveasausefulcommunityresourcetotriggertheadvancementofsystematicandcomprehensivestudiesofEVsandtounveilthefundamentalrolesofEVs.
ExoCarta--Databaseofexosomalproteins,RNAandlipids.
www.exocarta.org/
ExoCarta:databaseofexosomalproteins,RNAandlipids.
ExoCarta,anexosomedatabase,provideswiththecontentsthatwereidentifiedinexosomesinmultipleorganisms.
Vesiclepedia--Databaseofexosomalproteins,RNAandlipids
http://www.microvesicles.org/
Acommunitycompendiumforextracellularvesicles
Vesiclepedia,amanuallycuratedcompendiumofmoleculardata(lipid,RNAandprotein)identifiedindifferentclassesofEVs.Currently,Vesiclepediacomprises35,264protein,18,718mRNA,1,772miRNAand342lipidentriesencompassedfrom341independentstudiesthatwerepublishedoverthepastseveralyears.
ExosomeGeneOntologyAnnotationInitiative
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/GOA/exosome
Thisinitiative,undertakenbytheUniProtcuratorsattheEBI,involvesthemanualassignmentofGOannotationstohumanexosomalproteinsbycuratorsreADIngthescientificliteratureandassigningtotheproteinsGOtermsthatdescribetheirBIOLOGicalroles.CuratorsworkingonthisprojectarerequestingnewGOtermsspecifictoexosomeproteinbiologytofullycaptureliteraturefindings.
exoRBase--DatabaseofexosomalcircRNA、LncRNAandmRNA
http://www.exorbase.org/
exoRBaseisarepositoryofcircularRNA(circRNA),longnon-codingRNA(lncRNA)andmessengerRNA(mRNA)derivedfromRNA-seqdataanalysesofhumanbloodexosomes.Experimentalvalidationsfrompublishedliteraturearealsoincluded.
exoRBasefeaturestheintegrationandvisualizationofRNAexpressionprofilesbasedonnormalizedRNA-seqdataspanningbothnormalindividualsandpatientswithdifferentdiseases.
UrinaryExosomeProteinDatabase
https://hpcwebapps.cit.nih.gov/ESBL/Database/Exosome/
ThisdatabaseofurinaryexosomeproteinsisbasedonpublishedproteinmassspectrometrydatafromtheNHLBIEpithelialSystemsBiologyLaboratory(ESBL).Alldataarefromurinaryexosomesisolatedfromhealthyhumanvolunteers.
Thiscurrentdatabasecontainsproteinidentificationofhumanurinaryexosomesusingtwodifferentmassspectrometeranalyzers.
exRNAAtlas--DatabaseofexosomalRNA
http://exrna-atlas.org/
TheexRNAAtlasisthedatarepositoryoftheExtracellularRNACommunicationConsortium(ERCC),whichincludessmallRNAsequencingandRT-qPCR-derivedexRNAprofilesfromhumanandmousebiofluids.AllRNA-seqdatasetsareprocessedusingversion4oftheexceRptsmallRNA-seqpipelineandERCC-developedqualitymetricsareuniformlyappliedtothesedatasets.
editedbyAlexfromUmibio(Shanghai)Co.Ltd
外泌体提取试剂盒试用装，免费申请请邮件至umibio@umibio.cn
请教各位大神，大家知道怎样对外泌体表面蛋白进行定量吗？看有文献用Western，还有裂解外泌体后用BCA进行定量，请问裂解后的外泌体蛋白定量应该是外泌体全部蛋白的吧，应该不只是表面蛋白（CD63这种）吧，还有这个BCA是怎么操作呢？有没有很可靠地能表示外泌体表面蛋白的定量方法？另外，怎么根据外泌体表面蛋白的量来算出外泌体的量呢？还有外泌体文献报道的外泌体浓度为μg/ml,这种浓度是怎样测出来的呢？还有表示外泌体10^9/ml这个测外泌体个数的应该是通过NTA吧？求大神分享外泌体定量的方法？急急急~
这个PPT是故障的，里面内容不全，大家不要下载，请大家和版主说让他把这篇帖子删除我重新再发
外泌体提取与鉴定.pptx(2895.91k)
此贴是外泌体学习、相关答疑、战友互助、资源交换的专题帖，欢迎各位道友加入，互相交流学习，如有外泌体相关问题请留言，楼主会做解答。
版主yj1984ren留言:
欢迎！
各位前辈好，科研新手要研究尿外泌体，想了解一下研究尿外泌体比较大咖的相关国内外团队有哪些。今天就要汇报了。还请各位赏脸赐教一些。需要按照国内和国外列成两列。
请教各位老师，提取外周血外泌体选择哪个产品的试剂得到试验结果比较好？请赐教，谢谢！
有没有前辈从事外泌体的研究，想从细胞上清中提取外泌体，但是因为实验室条件的因素，无法超离血清，想请教一下培养细胞的话还有没有什么别的方法？万分感激！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！
上次课程有句话让楼主印象深刻，Exosomesaresecretedbyallmammaliancelltypesinculture.
那如何去选择我们的实验样本？取样的时候需注意些什么？外泌体又如何保存呢？
上周四刚好赶上中秋，GCBI公众号也放了个小假，小编回来后赶忙补上上周高老师讲的外泌体样本收集与保存的课程，视频详情请戳：
外泌体的分离方法介绍
你研究的是哪种样本，需要特别注意哪些方面呢？一起来看看高老师的建议吧。
1细胞培养上清
2血液
受限于样本，血样一般取2ml。
那血浆or血清？
血浆=血液-血细胞
血清=血浆-纤维蛋白原-凝血因子
血清是血液凝固之后收集的液体，所以其中少了纤维蛋白原，凝血因子，以及多了很多凝血产物。纤维蛋白原可转化为纤维蛋白，具有凝血功能。
在凝血过程中血小板会分泌大量的外泌体，有研究发现血清中有接近50%的外泌体来自额外的分泌。
背后有啥解释呢？高老师在视频中有一一解答。
除了常见的细胞培养上清，血样，其他诸如唾液、鼻涕、尿液、乳汁及脑脊液如何收集呢？详情请戳视频。
课堂问答
1、微粒体和外泌体有什么区别？
微粒体是细胞破碎后，内膜系统的残体自发融合形成的小囊泡。外泌体是细胞分泌到胞外的直径为40-100nm的小囊泡，起源于内吞作用形成的内体。这两种小囊泡的起源和形成过程都不一样。
2、之前提取的外泌体忘记用PBS再洗一次，-80冻后1个月后再用PBS洗可以吗？
可以
3、采血后立即分离有没有文献支持？
有
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写了外泌体RNA的中文综述，想投核心期刊，最好是容易接收，审稿费便宜的，求推荐一下，谢谢……
