Numerous techniques have been developed to prepare immunoliposomes based on the nucleophilic reactivity of free amine groups of proteins or peptides. One of the most popular and commonly used methods is to covalently couple free carboxylic groups to primary amines through activation of the carboxyl groups with EDC (1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl] carbodiimide). EDC, which is a so-called zero-length crosslinking agent, reacts with the carboxyl to form an amine reactive intermediate (O-acylisourea). The produced O-acylisourea can be easily displaced by nucleophilic attack from the primary amino groups in the reaction mixture. However, this intermediate is unstable and hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions. In order to prevent the intermediate hydrolysis, sulfo-NHS (N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide) is added to EDC to produce a significantly more stable and more soluble active intermediate (NHS ester).
Consequently, the immunoliposomes are prepared by a two-step coupling procedure: first, activating the free carboxyl group of the linker lipid incorporated in the liposomes with EDC and sulfo-NHS, and then covalently conjugating the antibodies to the lipids through displacement of sulfo-NHS groups by antibody amines, as depicted below. EDC/sulfo-NHS coupling reactions are highly selective and highly efficient, and the biological activity of the protein or peptide is preserved.

ImmunoFluor™-Carboxylic Acid is a PEGylated product. For other amine reactive (PEGylated and non-PEGyalated products) and also ImmunoFluor™ products suitable for other types conjugation methods see here.
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加尾法是采用加A酶先对mirna进行加尾,然后再用带oligodt的引物反转录,他的反转录引物是通用的,一次反转录可以获得所有miRNA的cdna,效率高。茎环法是采用特异性反转录引物序列+颈环结构作为反转录引物进行反转录的,一次反转录只能获得一种mirna的cdna,可能有几种一起反转录的,这个我不太清楚一起反转录的效果。然后茎环法的经典即ABI的探针法定量试剂盒。我用过茎环法反转录+染料法定量的,下游引物为通用引物,结果不太好,就现在用的这家的他采用的是双向引物都是特异性的,效果还可以。不知道我说的清楚不,希望能对你有帮助。
如果是用转录出的cDNA做那跟平时就一样了。不需要特别的试剂盒、

