
Plasmid Info:
Plasmid Information
Product Name: pSF-OXB20-COOH-EKT-STag-6His
Product Code: OG2939
Size (bp): 3932 bp
Bacterial Antibiotic Selection: KanR
Origin and Compatibility: pUC high copy derived from pBR322
Bacterial Copy Number: 500-700 per cell
Promoter: OXB20 strong constitutive bacterial promoter
Plasmid Purpose:
This plasmid is designed to express tagged proteins in E.coli. The plasmid contains a constitutive promoter (OXB20) derived from the region upstream of the E.coli RecA gene. It does not require induction or any additional components for activity. It is the strongest of the bacterial promoters that we provide and this high level of expression can cause expression problems with some proteins with poor solubility. For this reason we sell a range of bacterial promoters with different expression levels (OXB1(low)>OXB20(high)) that can be provided with the peptide tags in this plasmid on request.
About the Cleavage Tag:This plasmid also encodes a protease cleavage site that is designed to be positioned between your gene of interest and the tag to allow the removal of the tag following protein purification or isolation. This plasmid contains a EKT cleavage tag. The protein sequence of the cleavage tag is: DDDDK. Enterokinase (EKT) protease cleaves after the Lysine residue. It can cleave at other basic residues but this is dependent on protein confirmation. If a proline follows the site it will not cut. None of our products contain a proline after the site.
For more information on which cleavage tag to use see our cleavage tag guide.
Promoter Expression Level:This plasmid contains a constitutive bacterial promoter that does not require induction. It is the strongest bacterial promoter we sell and this can cause solubility and expression problems with some proteins. We also offer a range of other bacterial promoters that are compatible with this plasmid and are available on request.
This plasmid contains a c-terminal STag epitope tag that can be fused to a gene of interest to allow protein detection and/or purification. The sequence of the tag is: KETAAAKFERQHMDS
For more information on the methods that can be used to purify proteins please see our protein tag guide.
This plasmid also contains a secondary Hexa-Histidine (6His) tag protein tag. The sequence of this tag is: HHHHHH
We provide a range of dual peptide tag plasmids. This is because some peptide tags provide specific biological properties (e.g small molecule affinity new epitopes solubility or protein secretion) that are not provided by others.
Sequence and Map:
Other Info:
Transcription Termination:This plasmid contains three alternative transcription terminators for mammalian bacterial and bacteriophage (T7) expression. This means that only the promoter needs to be changed to alter the expression system you are using. We sell multiple promoters that can be used in each of these systems. The presence of each terminator does not reduce expression in the alternative systems.
Cloning:
Making Protein Fusions:This plasmid has been designed to allow three types of cloning into the main MCS to join a coding sequence with the tag.
SnapFusion Cloning:If you would like to fuse your coding sequence to the tag with minimal additional bases you can use our SnapFusion technology. This process involves amplifying your gene by PCR to add specific restriction sites onto the ends. When these sites are cut they produce an overhang that is compatible with this plasmid cut with BseRI or BsgI.
To insert your gene:
1: Amplify your gene with primers designed using this spreadsheet
2: Cut the plasmid with either BseRI or BsgI.*
3: Cut your gene with the enzyme you added using the spreadsheet (any of AcuI BpmI BpuEI BseRI BsgI EciI).
4: Clone the gene into the plasmid using DNA ligase.
Using this method with an N-terminal tag plasmid will result in the tag coding sequence immediately followed by your genes ATG start codon at the join. This results in a seamless fusion of the two sequences with no extra bases being added. Using this method on C-terminal tag plasmids will convert your genes stop codon into a TAC (Tyr Y) codon followed by the plasmid tag coding sequence. This results in no extra bases between your gene and the tag. See the diagram below for more information.
*Please note that insect expression plasmids cannot be cut with BsgI only BseRI because of unavoidable conflicting sites in the backbone. Also Yeast plasmids can only be cut with BsgI not BseRI because of conflicting sites in the backbone.
Using this technique will create a gene fragment that can be ligated into any or our >1500 peptide and reporter tag plasmids. If you use one of the other techniques below (Gibson InFusion Seamless or LIC) you will need new primers for every vector you clone into because the arms of homology will change according to the tag plasmid you are cloning into.
If you find that your gene sequence has sites in it that make using this cloning strategy difficult you can still use one of the alternative methods below (e.g. standard cloning or Gibson cloning).
Open the Primer Design Tool to help you design primers for cloning your gene in our SnapFusion technique.
Standard Enzymes:If you are not concerned about leaving a few extra bases between the tag coding sequence and your gene you can clone your gene into the vector using standard cloning restriction enzymes. This strategy will require you to choose which enzymes you want to use to clone your gene.
Open the Primer Design Tool which provides primers with different enzyme choices positioning your gene as close to the tag as possible in each case. Please note that standard enzymes will always leave additional nucleotides between your gene and the tag but using the spreadsheet will ensure the tag and gene are in frame.
Gibson cloning/InfusionHD/GeneArt Seamless/Ligase Independent Cloning (LIC) Methods:
These cloning techniques use reagents sold by other companies and allow you to fuse sequences together using enzymes that chew back the DNA to leave overlapping ends/overhangs. The subsequent method of joining the DNA depends on the kit used. To use one of these techniques you can either design your own primers or you can use the spreadsheet below to help with the design.
Open the Primer Design Tool to help you design primers for cloning your gene using Gibson assembly InfusionHD GeneArt Seamless cloning or Ligase Independent Cloning (LIC) techniques.
IP Status:
Intellectual Property StatusThis product is part of our SnapFast plasmid range, for more information on the Intellectual property status of this plasmid please click here
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在组成型启动子调控下,不同组织器官和发育阶段的基因表达没有明显差异,因而称之组成型启动子,双子叶植 物中最常使用的组成型启动子是花椰菜花叶病毒(CaMV)35S启动子,它具多种顺式作用元件。其转录起始位点上游-343~-46bp是转录增强区 ,-343~-208和-208~-90bp是转录激活区,-90~-46bp是进一步增强转录活性的区域,在了解CaMV 35S启动子各种顺式作用元件的基础上,人 们利用它的核心序列构建人工启动子,以得到转录活性更高的启动子,Mitsuhara等利用CaMv 35s核心启动子与CaMV 35S启动子的5‘端不同区段 和烟草花叶病毒的5’非转录区(omega序列)相连,发现把两个CaMV 35S启动子-419~-90(E12)序列与omega序列串联,在转基因烟草中GUS有 最大的表达活性,把7个CaMV35S启动子的-290~-90(E7)序列与omega序列串联,非常适合驱动外源基因在水稻中的表达。用这两种结构驱动 GUS基因表达,在转基因烟草和水稻中GUS活性比单用CaMV 35S启动子高20~70倍。
另一种高效的组成型启动子CsVMV是从木薯叶脉花叶病毒(cassava vein mosaic virus )中分离的。该启动子 -222~-173bp负责驱动基因在植物绿色组织和根尖中表达,其中-219/-203是TGACG重复基序,即as1 (activating sequence 1),-183/-180为 GATA(又称为as2),这两个元件的互作对控制基因在绿色组织中表达至关重要。该启动子-178~-63bp包含负责调控基因在维管组织中表达的 元件。CsVMV启动子在转基因葡萄中驱动外源基因的转录能力与使用两个串联的CaMV35S启动子相当,两个串联的CsVMV启动子转录活性更强。 Rance等利用CoYMV(commelina yellow mosaic virus),CsVMV启动子区和CaMV 35S启动子的激活序列(as1,as2)人工构建高效融合启动子,瞬 时表达实验表明该启动子可驱动报告基因在双子叶植物烟草中高效表达,在单子叶植物玉米中其驱动能力比通常使用的γ玉米蛋白启动子高6倍。因此用这种人工构建的高效 启动子驱动抗病基因或目的蛋白基因,在双子叶和单子叶植物中均可达到较理想的效果。
人们高度重视从植物本身克隆组成型启动子,并初见成效,例如肌动蛋白(actin)和泛素(ubiquitin)等基因的启动子已被克隆。用这些启动子代替CaMV 35S启动子,可以更有效地在单子叶植物中驱动外源基因的转录。Naomi等分别从拟南芥的色氨酸合酶β 亚基基因和植物光敏色素基因中克隆了相应启动子,用其代替CaMV 35S启动子,在转基因烟草中也取得了很好的表达效果。
由于组成型启动子驱动的基因在植物各组织中均有不同程度表达,应用中逐渐暴露出一些问题。例如外源基因在 整株植物中表达,产生大量异源蛋白质或代谢产物在植物体内积累,打破了植物原有的代谢平衡,有些产物对植物并非必需甚至有毒,因而阻 碍了植物的正常生长,甚至导致死亡。另外,重复使用同一种启动子驱动两个或两个以上的外源基因可能引起基因沉默或共抑制现象。因此, 人们寻找更为有效的组织、器官特异性启动子代替组成型启动子,以更好地调控植物基因表达。
②组织特异启动子(tissue-specific promoter)又称器官特异性启动子。在这类启动子调控下,基因往往只在某些特定的器官或组织部位表达,并表现出发育调节的特性。例如烟草的花粉绒毡层细胞中特异表达基因启动子TA29,豌豆的豆清蛋白(leguimin)基因启动子可在转化植物种子中特异性表达,马铃薯块茎储藏蛋白(patatin)基因启动子在块茎中优势表达。
2.1根特异启动子
根的发生和发育是植物发育过程中的重要问题,研究根中特异表达基因及其启动子无疑是重要的。拟南芥根中特异表达的黑芥子酶(myrosinase)是由Pyk10基因编码的。Pyk10启动子中存在若干器官特异性表达和 植物激素应答的特异元件,如ACGT-核心序列、CANNTG-motifs、GATA-motifs、诱导物(elicitor)应答元件W-box((T)TGAC(C))、植物激素应答 元件(如as-1元件、生长素和脱落酸应答元件、Myb元件)和细胞特异表达元件等。其中ACGT,CANNTG,GATA等顺式作用元件是决定组织器官特异 表达的转录因子结合位点,Myb元件在控制植物次生代谢、调节细胞形态建成及信号传导通路中起作用。
根特异表达系统可用于研究转基因植物的高渗胁迫耐受、植物修复和根际分泌等问题。BoriSjuk等用根特异启动 子mas2‘,GFP和烟草钙网蛋白(calreticulin)基因构建融合表达载体,水培转基因烟草结果表明,根细胞不仅能够高效生产GFP,而且可将目的 蛋白质分泌到液体培养基中。因此利用该启动子与其他有用的能编码蛋白质的基因融合,不仅可大量生产目的蛋白质,且更便于回收产物。
2.2 茎特异启动子
Trindade等利用cDNA-AFLP技术从马铃薯中分离了一个与乙醇脱氢酶非常相似的TDF511(transcript derived fragment),其基因Stgan可能参与植物体内影响赤霉素水平的复合物的合成。在NCBI数据库中,比较Stgan启动子与马铃薯的patatin Ⅰ和Ⅱ、 蛋白酶抑制子、nodulin 22K和23K等编码蛋白质基因的启动子,发现它们包含一些可能与蔗糖应答反应有关的共有序列;该启动子还包含植物 中几个保守的转录因子(如Dof1,Dof2,Dof3和PBF)的结合位点。构建Stgan启动子-GUS融合表达载体转化烟草,GUS组织化学染色显示该启动子 驱动基因在茎结节处特异表达,可能参与块茎形成过程。
研究在茎中特异表达基因的启动子,不仅可从分子水平了解茎的发生、分化过程,更重要的是利用这些启动子调 节植物代谢可满足人类需求,如人们对木质素生物合成及其调控的研究。木质素是植物体内仅次于纤维素的一种含量丰富而重要的有机大分子 物质,它的存在对于增加植物机械强度、远距离水分运输和抵抗外界不良环境的侵袭都是非常有益的。然而,木质素的存在也有一定的负面作 用。因此,人们希望通过调节木质素的合成以降低其含量。目前多使用CaMV35S启动子驱动目的基因,近年来已分离一些木质素生物合成途径中 关键酶基因的启动子,如4CL,F5H等基因的启动子,人们正在尝试利用这些特异性启动子来调节木质素的生物合成。Bell-Lelong等已从拟南芥 中分离了肉桂酸羟-4-基化酶(cinnamate-4-hydroxylase,C4H)基因的启动子,本实验室首次从毛白杨中分离了C4H启动子,并对该启动子的功 能进行了初步鉴定。GUS组织化学染色和GUS荧光测定结果表明。G4H启动子驱动外源基因在烟草茎的维管组织中丰富表达,有望将来利用该启动 子驱动功能基因调控木质素的生物合成过程。
2.3 叶特异启动子
Marraccini等从咖啡(coffea arabica)中克隆了1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶/加氧酶(rubisco)小亚基基因RBCS1, 该基因在一年生植物咖啡的叶中特异表达。研究发现RBCS1启动子上游GTGGTTAAT序列与豌豆RBCS3A启动子的BoxⅡ核心序列相同;在其启动子G -box(GCCACGTGGC)两侧分别有一个类I-box(核心序列为GATAAG),形成I-G-I结构,推测G-box十个碱基的回文结构可能结合某个转录因子;其AT-1 box(AGAATTTTTATT) 与其他RBCS和CAB基因的AT-1 box(AATATTTTTATT)相比只有两个碱基不同;类L-box(AAAATTAACCAA)与马铃薯RBCS1和RBCS3A启动子的相同。由此 可见,植物叶特异表达顺式元件具高度保守性。
有趣的是Taniguchi等在玉米中发现了一个双元启动子系统(dual promoter system)。PPDK(pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase)是C4植物光合反应中的一个叶绿体酶,该酶基因Pdk具有一个双元启动子系统(C4Pdk启动子和细胞质Pdk启动子)。这 两个启动子的区别在于起始密码子和拼接方式的差异,C4Pdk启动子驱动Pdk转录成较长的mRNA。基因产物定位在叶绿体中;细胞质Pdk启动子在 Pdk基因的第一个内含子中,驱动Pdk转录成较短的mRNA,它所编码的蛋白质定位于细胞质中,又称为细胞质Pdk启动子。C4Pdk启动子是受光诱 导的强启动子,驱动基因在玉米叶肉细胞中特异表达;而细胞质Pdk启动子是个弱启动子,且不具有组织特异性。大多数C4植物的光合作用相关 基因的表达具有细胞特异性,且主要在转录水平调节基因表达活性,因此,可利用该启动子在C4植物叶肉细胞中高效表达外源基因。
翻译结果:
Alpha stable transfection hif - 1 RNA interference expression vector
稳定转染hif-1α rna干扰表达载体_有道翻译
翻译结果:
Alpha stable transfection hif - 1 RNA interference expression vector
①动物病毒含有能够被真核细胞识别的有效的启动子.
②有许多种动物病毒,在其感染周期中都能够持续地复制,使其基因组拷贝数达到相当高的水平.
③有些动物病毒具有控制自己复制的顺式元件和反式作用因子.
④有些动物病毒,在它们的复制过程中能高效稳定地整合到寄主核基因组上.
⑤病毒的外壳蛋白质能够识别细胞接受器(acceptor).用病毒外壳蛋白质包装重组质粒DNA形成的假病毒颗粒(pseudovirions),即构成了一种高效的转化体系.
(forced expression)或过表达(overexpression),以观察基因表型,反义则是用来抑制基因表达,以观察在目的基因的表达受到抑制的情况下表型的变化
首先需要构建dsRNA表达载体
将这种载体导入受体细胞中后
表达产生的dsRNA在DICER酶作用下形成siRNA
引起具有相同序列的mRNA发生讲解
导致细胞或个体不能合成相应的蛋白质
所以个体会表现出功能缺失表型
构建表达载体通常选用dsRNA
需要注意的一些方面是
dsRNA序列中GC的含量要小于50%
高GC含量会降低RNAi的效果
选定的dsRNA序列应通过搜索数据库确保与其他基因无同源性
以避免对其他同源性基因表达的抑制
不同区域的dsRNA具有不同的基因沉默效果
可同时构建两个以上针对同一基因不同靶区域的dsRNA表达载体
还要充分考虑siRNA的结构特征
siRNA与mRNA的同源程度对RNAi有明显影响
启动子区或者编码区与siRNA同源的基因受siRNA抑制
但siRNA在动物细胞中对mRNA的前体没有影响
所以含非编码区序列的dsRNA不会引起RNAi
而且在构建表达载体时
经常使用U6启动子等RNA聚合酶Ⅲ能够识别的启动子序列
最后将其转入到质粒中
这里说的只是一个简单的过程
总的来说构建表达载体是个比较复杂的过程
如果要知道详细的技术
建议还是去看书吧
这里是说不清的
一种限制酶切断目的基因,使其产生相同的黏性末端(部分限制性内切酶可切割出平末端,拥有相同效果)。将切下的目的基因的片段插入质粒的切口处,首先碱基互补配对结合,两个黏性末端吻合在一起,碱基之间形成氢键,再加入适量DNA连接酶,催化两条DNA链之间形成磷酸二酯键,从而将相邻的脱氧核糖核酸连接起来,形成一个重组DNA分子。如人的胰岛素基因就是通过这种方法与大肠杆菌中的质粒DNA分子结合,形成重组DNA分子(也叫重组质粒)的。


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