- Chenodeoxycholic Acid
- XL335
- GW4064
| Obeticholic AcidFXR agonist with anticholeretic activity |
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Quality Control & MSDS
- View current batch:
- Purity = 98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)
- MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Chemical structure
Related Biological Data
Related Biological Data
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | Rat hepatocytes |
Preparation method | Limited solubility. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 ℃ for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. |
Reaction Conditions | 24 h |
Applications | In rat hepatocytes, obeticholic acid transactivates FXR and modulates FXR regulated genes, resulting in increases of Shp and bsep mRNA expression by 3- to 5-fold and reduction of cyp7a1, cyp8b1, and ntcp mRNA expression by 50 to 70% after exposure to FXR ligands. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g |
Dosage form | 30 mg/kg |
Preparation method | Dissolved in 0.75-1.0 mL of freshly prepared methylcellulose (1%) |
Applications | Obeticholic acid can reactivate downstream FXR signaling pathway and reduces PP in the TAA and BDL (thioacetamide (TAA)-intoxicated and bile-duct–ligated) models without systemic hemodynamic impact. It also restores endothelial function and reduces the total IHVR in experimental cirrhosis |
Other notes | Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal. |
References: 1. Fiorucci S, Clerici C, Antonelli E et al. Protective effects of 6-ethyl chenodeoxycholic acid, a farnesoid X receptor ligand, in estrogen-induced cholestasis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 May;313(2):604-12. Epub 2005 Jan 11. 2. Verbeke L, Farre R, Trebicka J et al. Obeticholic acid, a farnesoid X receptor agonist, improves portal hypertension by two distinct pathways in cirrhotic rats. Hepatology. 2014 Jun;59(6):2286-98. | |
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| Cas No. | 459789-99-2 | SDF | Download SDF |
| Synonyms | N/A | ||
| Chemical Name | (4R)-4-[(3R,5S,6R,7R,8S,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-6-ethyl-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoic acid | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CCC1C2CC(CCC2(C3CCC4(C(C3C1O)CCC4C(C)CCC(=O)O)C)C)O | ||
| Formula | C26H44O4 | M.Wt | 420.63 |
| Solubility | ≥21.5mg/mL in DMSO | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| Physical Appearance | A solid | Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution : ship with blue ice.All other available size:ship with RT , or blue ice upon request |
| General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. | ||
Obeticholic Acid (6alpha-ethyl-chenodeoxycholic acid, 6-ECDCA, INT-747) is a potent and selective agonist of FXR with EC50 value of 99 nM [1].
The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear bile acid receptor involved in bile acid homeostasis, liver fibrosis, hepatic and intestinal inflammation and cardiovascular disease [2].
Obeticholic Acid is a potent and selective FXR agonist with anticholeretic activity [1]. Obeticholic Acid is a semisynthetic bile acid derivative and potent FXR ligand. In estrogen-induced cholestasis rats, 6-ECDCA protected against cholestasis induced by 17α-ethynylestradiol (E217α) [2]. In cirrhotic portal hypertension (PHT) rat models, INT-747 (30 mg/kg) reactivated the FXR downstream signaling pathway and reduced portal pressure by lowering total intrahepatic vascular resistance (IHVR) without deleterious systemic hypotension. This effect was associated with an increased eNOS activity [3]. In the Dahl rat model of salt-sensitive hypertension and insulin-resistance (IR), high salt (HS) diet significantly increased systemic blood pressure and downregulated tissue DDAH expression. INT-747 enhanced insulin sensitivity and inhibited the decrease of DDAH expression [4].
References:[1]. Pellicciari R, Fiorucci S, Camaioni E, et al. 6alpha-ethyl-chenodeoxycholic acid (6-ECDCA), a potent and selective FXR agonist endowed with anticholestatic activity. J Med Chem, 2002, 45(17): 3569-3572.[2]. Fiorucci S, Clerici C, Antonelli E, et al. Protective effects of 6-ethyl chenodeoxycholic acid, a farnesoid X receptor ligand, in estrogen-induced cholestasis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2005, 313(2): 604-612.[3]. Verbeke L, Farre R, Trebicka J, et al. Obeticholic acid, a farnesoid X receptor agonist, improves portal hypertension by two distinct pathways in cirrhotic rats. Hepatology, 2014, 59(6): 2286-2298.[4]. Ghebremariam YT, Yamada K, Lee JC, et al. FXR agonist INT-747 upregulates DDAH expression and enhances insulin sensitivity in high-salt fed Dahl rats. PLoS One, 2013, 8(4): e60653.
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20种蛋白质氨基酸都是α氨基酸。
其中除了甘氨酸外，其他氨基酸都具有旋光性，旋光性是由分子的空间构象引起的，你可以理解成像你的手掌一样，左右手的指头位置不同导致左右手的区别。根据旋光性分为L型（左型）和D型（右型）两种。
组成生命的氨基酸基本上都是L型。
在一些解热镇痛药注射剂中，为避免药物发黄变色，又加入了氨基酸抗氧化剂（除了亚硫酸氢钠外）。氨基酸抗氧化剂有哪些呢，常用的。查了一下，含S的抗氧化剂有甲硫氨酸(Met)和半胱氨酸(Cys)，是这些吗？还是有其他常用的呢？
氨基酸的结构通式：氨基酸是指一类含有羧基并在与羧基相连的碳原子下连有氨基的有机化合物。
人体所需的氨基酸约有22种，分非必需氨基酸和必需氨基酸（须从食物中供给）。另有酸性、碱性、中性、杂环分类，是根据其化学性质分类的。
1、必需氨基酸（essential amino acid）： 指人体（或其它脊椎动物）不能合成或合成速度远不适应机体的需要，必需由食物蛋白供给，这些氨基酸称为必需氨基酸。共有10种其作用分别是：
（一） 赖氨酸（Lysine ）：促进大脑发育，是肝及胆的组成成分，能促进脂肪代谢，调节松果腺、乳腺、黄体及卵巢，防止细胞退化；
（二） 色氨酸（Tryptophane）：促进胃液及胰液的产生；
（三） 苯丙氨酸（Phenylalanine）：参与消除肾及膀胱功能的损耗；
（四） 蛋氨酸（又叫甲硫氨酸）（Methionine）；参与组成血红蛋白、组织与血清，有促进脾脏、胰脏及淋巴的功能；
（五） 苏氨酸（Threonine）：有转变某些氨基酸达到平衡的功能；
（六） 异亮氨酸（Isoleucine ）：参与胸腺、脾脏及脑下腺的调节以及代谢；脑下腺属总司令部作用于甲状腺、性腺；
（七） 亮氨酸（Leucine ）：作用平衡异亮氨酸；
（八） 缬氨酸（Viline）：作用于黄体、乳腺及卵巢。
（九） 组氨酸（Hlstidine）：作用于代谢的调节；
（十） 精氨酸（Argnine）：促进伤口愈合，精子蛋白成分。
2、非必需氨基酸（nonessential amino acid）：指人（或其它脊椎动物）自己能由简单的前体合成，不需要从食物中获得的氨基酸。例如甘氨酸、丙氨酸等氨基酸。
各位，有没有做过附件中的比对分析，用什么软件来完成的
只有9个氨基酸，分子量1KD左右，想免疫小鼠制备单抗，有没有前辈做过这方面的东西？想了一些方法，但价值不大，请前辈们指教，不甚感激。
