β-Catenin is a 92 kDa protein that binds to the cytoplasmic tail of E-Cadherin. The cadherins, transmembrane adhesion molecules, are found with catenins at adherens junctions. Deletions in the cytoplasmic domain of E-Cadherin eliminate catenin binding and result in a loss of cell adhesion. Tyrosine phosphorylation of β-Catenin can regulate its interaction with critical components of adherens junctions. Both Fer and Fyn Kinases phosphorylate tyrosine 142 in vitro. Overexpression of these kinases in epithelial cells disrupts interactions between α- and β-Catenins. The phosphorylation of tyrosine 142 may act as a switch from the transcriptional to the adhesive role of β-Catenin. Src family kinases can also phosphorylate tyrosine 86, 489, and 654 in β-Catenin. Tyr-654 phosphorylation regulates β-Catenin binding to E-cadherin, while c-Abl phosphorylation of Tyr-489 decreases β-Catenin binding to N-Cadherin and leads to nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation.
References

Western blot analysis of A431 cells stimulated with pervanadate (1 mM) for 30 min (lanes 1, 3, & 5) then treated with akaline phosphatase (lanes 2, 4, & 6). The blot was probed with anti-γ-Catenin (CM1111), anti-β-Catenin (Tyr-489) conserved site (CP2961), or anti-β-Catenin (CM1181).

Immunocytochemical labeling of β-Catenin in control and pervanadate-treated A431 cells. The cells were labeled with mouse monoclonal β-Catenin (CM1181) or rabbit polyclonal β-Catenin (Tyr-86) or β-Catenin (Y654) antibodies, then the antibodies were detected using appropriate secondary antibodies conjugated to Cy3.
The products are are safely shipped at ambient temperature for both domestic and international shipments. Each product is guaranteed to match the specifications as indicated on the corresponding technical data sheet. Please store at -20C upon arrival for long term storage.
*All molecular weights (MW) are confirmed by comparison to Bio-Rad Rainbow Markers and to western blotmobilities of known proteins with similar MW.
Product References:
CP4021 Lu, Y. et al.(2014) Stem Cells Dev. 23(15):1755. IF: chicken embryonic fibroblastsCP1061 Kinoshita-Kikuta, E. et al. (2014) J Electrophoresis. 58(1) WB: SW480 and HEK293CP1081 Tsuneki, M. et al. (2014) Mol Cell Biol. 34(24): 4485 IF: mouse EOMA, brain endothelial cells CP4021 Condello, S. et al. (2013) FASEB Journal 27(8): 3100. WB: ovarian cancer cellsCM1181 Condello, S. et al. (2013) FASEB J 27(8):3100. WB & IHC: Ovarian Cancer CellsCM1181 Yakubov, B. et al. (2013) Neoplasia 15(6):609. WB: Human Ovarian Cancer CellsCP1081 Qi, F. et al. (2013) Am J Pathol. 183(5):1654. WB: human mesothelialCP1081 Krejci, P. et al. (2012) PLoS ONE. 7(4):e35826. WB: rat chondrosarcoma cellsCP1061 Beard, R.S. et al. (2011) Blood. 118(7):2007. WB, ICC: mouse microvascular ECsCP1081 Beard, R.S. et al. (2011) Blood. 118(7):2007. ELISA: mouse microvascular ECsCP1191 Beard, R.S. et al. (2011) Blood. 118(7):2007. ELISA: mouse microvascular ECsCP2961 Beard, R.S. et al. (2011) Blood. 118(7):2007. ELISA: mouse microvascular ECsCP2961 Funakoshi S et al (2010) Am J Phys Gast Liv Phys 299(5):1054 WB: human colon cancer cellsCP1061 Harris, E.S. & Nelson, W.J. (2010) Mol Biol Cell. 21:2611. WB: HUVECsThis kit contains:
| CATALOG# | DESCRIPTION | SIZE | APPLICATIONS | SPECIES REACTIVITY | MW (kDa) |
CM1181 | β-Catenin Mouse mAb | 50 μl | WB, E, IP, ICC, IHC | Hu, Rt, Ms | 92 |
CP1061 | β-Catenin (N-terminal) Rabbit pAb | 50 μl | WB, E, IP, IHC | Hu, Rt, Ms | 92 |
CP1191 | β-Catenin (Tyr-86), phospho-specific Rabbit pAb | 50 μl | WB, E, ICC | Hu, Rt, Ms | 92 |
CP1081 | β-Catenin (Tyr-142)/[γ-Catenin (Tyr-133)], phospho-specific Rabbit pAb | 50 μl | WB, E, ICC | Hu, Rt, Ms | 92 |
CP2961 | β-Catenin (Tyr-489)/[γ-Catenin (Tyr-480)], phospho-specific Rabbit pAb | 50 μl | WB, E, ICC | Hu, Rt, Ms | 92 |
CP4021 | β-Catenin (Tyr-654)/[γ-Catenin (Tyr-644)], phospho-specific Rabbit pAb | 50 μl | WB, E, ICC | Hu, Rt, Ms, Ck, Fr | 92 |
KIT SUMMARY
The β-Catenin phospho-regulation antibody sampler kit can be used to examine phosphorylation of β-Catenin at Tyr-86, Tyr-142, Tyr-489 and Tyr-654. The kit also includes monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to monitor total expression levels of β-Catenin.
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在许多的细胞生命活动中,例如DNA复制、mRNA转录与修饰以及病毒的感染等都涉及到DNA与蛋白质之间的相互作用的问题.
重组DNA技术的发展,人们已分离到了许多重要的基因.现在的关键问题是需要揭示环境因子及发育信号究竟是如何控制基因的转录活性.为此需要:
a、鉴定分析参与基因表达调控的DNA元件;
b、分离并鉴定这些顺式元件特异性结合的蛋白质因子;
这些问题的研究都涉及到DNA与蛋白质之间的相互作用.
研究DNA-蛋白质相互作用的实验方法主要包括:
a、凝胶阻滞实验; b、DNase 1 足迹实验;
c、甲基化干扰实验; d、体内足迹实验; f、拉下实验.
转谷氨酰胺酶(TG)、过氧化酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)交联
戊二醛,便宜,但有毒性
EDC,无毒性,但较贵
SMCC ,DSS,DST MBS,SPDP
高分子化合物是指那些由众多原子或原子团主要以共价键结合而成的相对分子量在一万以上的化合物,由千百个原子彼此以共价键结合形成相对分子质量特别大、具有重复结构单元的化合物(可分为无机高分子化合物和有机高分子化合物)。
是由一类相对分子质量很高的分子聚集而成的化合物,也称为高分子、大分子等。大多数高分子的相对分子质量在一万到百万之间,其分子链是由许多简单的结构单元通过共价键重复连接而成。一般把相对分子质量高于10000的分子称为高分子。高分子通常由10^3~10^5个原子以共价键连接而成。由于高分子多是由小分子通过聚合反应而制得的,因此也常被称为聚合物或高聚物,用于聚合的小分子则被称为“单体”。
举例:纤维素、蛋白质、蚕丝、橡胶、淀粉等天然高分子化合物,以及以高聚物为基础的合成材料,如各种塑料,合成橡胶,合成纤维、涂料与粘接剂等。
同一种高分子化合物的分子链所含的链节数并不相同,所以高分子化合物实质上是由许多链节结构相同而聚合度不同的化合物所组成的混合物,其相对分子质量与聚合度都是平均值。
高分子化合物几乎无挥发性,常温下常以固态或液态存在。固态高聚物按其结构形态可分为晶态和非晶态。前者分子排列规整有序;而后者分子排列无规则。同一种高分子化合物可以兼具晶态和非晶态两种结构。大多数的合成树脂都是非晶态结构。
高分子的分子结构基本上只有两种,一种是线型结构,另一种是体型结构。线型结构的特征是分子中的原子以共价键互相连结成一条很长的卷曲状态的“链”(叫分子链)。体型结构的特征是分子链与分子链之间还有许多共价键交联起来,形成三度空间的网络结构。这两种不同的结构,性能上有很大的差异。
从交联剂的配制,以及交联反应体系,交联后样品是否沸水煮10min,最后SDS-PAGE检测。
要用几种不同材料来做这个实验
还要自己设计试验方法步骤所用仪器用品!
实在很是头疼谢谢!
1。什么叫切断条件。是不是不能切断的话就不能释放出药物
2。透膜性是什么意思。是不是指如果药物要进入细胞内的话就要选有透膜性的交联剂
3。间臂长度是不是臂越长越好
4。iodinatable是什么意思
谢谢大家!
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请遵守药学区发帖格式!请参阅本版“发帖须知新手指南”!
多谢您的支持!

