Product Specifications:
Item# 1001: Recombinant HIV-1 IIIB Envelope Glycoprotein gp120 (Baculovirus)
Concentration: See Vial
Mass/vial: 100ug
Diluent: PBS
Purity: >95%
Stabilizer: None
Preservative: None
Storage: -75°C
Physical State:Frozen Liquid
Stability: At least 2 years at -75°C.
Applications: In-Vitro Diagnostics, T-Cell Activation, CD4 Binding, Immunization, Antibody screen
Description: Full length Recombinant HIV-1 IIIB gp120 glycoprotein produced in the Baculovirus Expression System. Authentic N-C termini, no tags
Purification: This protein is purified by immune-affinity chromatography to >95% purity as determined by SDS-PAGE, reduced.
Specificity: This protein binds to murine monoclonal antibodies of defined epitope specificity and binding to HIV-1 converted human serum polyclonal antibodies in ELISA and Western ELISA.
Biological Activity: This protein binds to human T-cell receptor CD4 in ELISA and Western ELISA as determined by CD4/gp120/Anti-gp120 mAb-peroxidase capture ELISA. This protein activates human T-Lymphocytes (CD4+, CD4-), in vitro, as measured by RNA synthesis during G0 to G1 transition phase of antigen-binding competent Cells.
Application and Instruction for use
Recommended concentrations for use are approximate values. A dose dependent response assay should be performed to determine the optimal concentration for use in specific applications.
ELISA and Western ELISA require 10-100ng protein depending on the nature and affinity of the detection reagent. HIV-converted human serum polyclonal antibodies yield titers of 1:1000 or greater at 1-10ng of immobilized protein under standard ELISA conditions.
What is gp120?
gp120 - HIV-1 virus envelope protein- is derived from gp120 and gp41components of envelope gp160. gp120 (481 amino acids) name comes from it"s molecular weight - 120 kDa. gp120 is essential for entry into cells as it plays a vital role in the infection process. Full length gp120 is a highly glycosylated and modified protein composed of roughly 55% amino acids and 50% carbohydrates by weight.
Gp120 interaction:
Gp120 interacts with the CD4 receptor and chemokine co-receptors (CCR5 and CXR4). gp120 binding to CD4 induces conformational changes in gp120 and gp41 that leads to the fusion of the viral membrane with the host cell membrane.
Protein Sequence:
HIV-1 (HXB2):
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
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TEKLWVTVYY GVPVWKEATT TLFCASDAKA YDTEVHNVWA THACVPTDPN PQEVVLVNVT ENFNMWKNDM VEQMHEDIIS LWDQSLKPCV KLTPLCVSLK
110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
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CTDLKNDTNT NSSSGRMIME KGEIKNCSFN ISTSIRGKVQ KEYAFFYKLD IIPIDNDTTS YKLTSCNTSV ITQACPKVSF EPIPIHYCAP AGFAILKCNN
210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300
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KTFNGTGPCT NVSTVQCTHG IRPVVSTQLL LNGSLAEEEV VIRSVNFTDN AKTIIVQLNT SVEINCTRPN NNTRKRIRIQ RGPGRAFVTI GKIGNMRQAH
310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400
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CNISRAKWNN TLKQIASKLR EQFGNNKTII FKQSSGGDPE IVTHSFNCGG EFFYCNSTQL FNSTWFNSTW STEGSNNTEG SDTITLPCRI KQIINMWQKV
410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480
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GKAMYAPPIS GQIRCSSNIT GLLLTRDGGN SNNESEIFRP GGGDMRDNWR SELYKYKVVK IEPLGVAPTK AKRRVVQREK R
Our product gp120 and other envelope proteins (gp1203B, gp120MN, gp120YU2, gp120 ADA, gp120C) are used by research insitutes, pharmaceuticals, universities, and reagents repositories world wide. These envelope proteins are classified as M-tropic, T-tropic, and M/T-tropic viruses infecting M,T, M/T cells respectively.
These products are available in bulk to measure regents repositories all over the world.
Safety Study of rgp120/HIV-1IIIB Vaccine
Recent evidence suggests that gp120 is the HIV-1 protein with the greatest potential as a vaccine against HIV-1 infection. The gp120 envelope protein may be produced by recombinant DNA technology, and studies have shown that the vaccine is capable of eliciting neutralizing antibody activity in both rodents and nonhuman primate species.
Official Study Title: A Phase I Study of the Safety and Immunogenicity of rgp120/HIV-1IIIB Vaccine in Healthy Adult Subjects (NOTE: Study Extended ONLY for Subjects Who Have Previously Received rgp120/HIV-1IIIB or rgp120/HIV-1MN on VEU 006 or VEU 006 Rollover Study)
Disease: HIV Infections
Treatment: Biological: rgp120/HIV-1IIIB and Biological: rgp120/HIV-1MN
ORIGINAL DESIGN: Twenty-eight subjects will be randomized to receive 100 or 300 mcg rgp120/HIV-1IIIB vaccine (gp120 vaccine) or matching placebo. For each dose level, 10 subjects will receive vaccine and four subjects will receive matching placebo. Injections are given intramuscularly at 0, 4, and 32 weeks. Each subject receiving treatment at the lower dose level must be monitored for unacceptable toxicity for at least 2 weeks following the initial immunization before his or her second dose is administered and before treatment at the higher dose level begins. Subjects are followed for at least 12 months.
AMENDED 11/17/93: Selected subjects from VEU 006 or VEU 006 Rollover study will receive two injections of MN rgp120 vaccine, administered 28 days apart beginning 10-16 months after their last injection. Eight additional clinic visits will be required. Subjects are followed for at least 6 months.
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Glossary
Gene and Gene Products
Structural Proteins: Structural proteins – the products of gag, pol and env genes, which are essential components of the retroviral particle.
Regulatory Proteins: Regulatory proteins – tat and rev proteins of HIV/SIV and tax and rex proteins of HTLVs; essential for viral expression in infected cells.
Accessory Proteins: Accessory proteins – additional (non-regulatory) virion – and non virion-associated proteins produced by HIV/SIV retroviruses: vif, vpr, vpu, vpx, and nef. Although, the accessory proteins are not necessary for viral propagation in tissue culture, they have been conserved in the different isolates; this conservation and experimental observations suggest that their role in vivo is very important.
gag
gag – group-sepecifc antigens or capsid proteins; the precursor is the p55 myristoylated protein, which is processed to p17 (Matrix) p24 (Capsid) and p7 (NucleoCapsid) proteins by the viral protease. Other small proteins are generated from the gag polyprotein.
pol
pol – (p66) generates the viral enzymes protease (p11), reverse transcriptase (p51), endonuclease and integrase (p32) after the processing of a gag-pol precursor polyprotein by the viral protease; gag-pol precursor is produced by ribosome frameshifting.
env
env – viral glycoproteins produced as a precursor (gp160) and processed to the external glycoprotein (gp120) and the transmembrane glycoprotein (gp41). The mature proteins are held together by noncovalent interactions; as a result substantial amount of gp120 is released extracellularly. The external glycoprotein (gp120) contains the binding site for the CD4 receptor.
tat
tat – transactivator of HIV gene expression; one of the two necessary viral regulatory factors (tat and rev) for HIV gene expression. Two forms are known, tat-1 exon (minor form) of 72 amino acids, and tat-2 exon (major form) of 86 amino acids. The electrophoretic mobility of these two forms in SDS gels is anomalous; they are approximately 16 kD and 14 kD in weight. Low levels of both proteins are found in persistently infected cells. tat is localized primarily in the nucleolus/nucleus; it acts by binding to the TAR RNA element and activating transcription from the LTR promoter. Post-transcriptional effects of tat have been postulated.
rev
rev – the second necessary regulatory factor for HIV expression. A 19 kD phosphoprotein localized primarily in the nucleolus/nucleus, rev acts by binding to RRE and promoting the nuclear export, stabilization and utilization of the viral mRNAs containing RRE.
vif
vif – viral infectivity factor, typically 23 kD; required for the efficient transmission of cell-free virus in tissue culture. In the absence of vif, the produced viral particles are defective, while the cell-to-cell transmission of virus is not affected significantly. It has been reported that the cellular localization is in the Golgi (vif is not found in the virion).
nef
nef – approximately 27 kD non-virion protein found in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Potentially myristoylated and associated with the inner plasma membrane. One of the first HIV proteins to be produced in the infected cells, it is the most immunogenic of the accessory proteins and may be used in the future for diagnosis and staging of the disease. NEF is dispensable and probably suffers counter-selection during ex vivo viral propagation in vivo. Recent evidence suggests that SIV nef is required for viral propagation in vivo.
vpr
vpr – virion-associated protein of unknown function found in HIV-1, HIV-2, SIVmac, and SIVmnd; typically 15 kD. May be homologous to vpx. Also called “rap” for rapid.
vpu
vpu – protein that promotes extracellular release of viral particles. Found only in HIV-1. Integral membrane phosphoprotein of 16kd; similar to M2 protein of influenza virus. It may be involved in env maturation. It is not found in the virion.
vpx
vpx – virion protein of 12 kD found only in HIV-2 infection. (vpx may have some homology with vpr).
ebiomall.com
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最近与战友们探讨原液冻存的问题，各家做的五花八门，做法各不相同。
有的-20度冻存的（有的项目有问题，有的没问题）、有-35度冻存的，有-60度冻存的，有-80度冻存的。
冻存的因素：冻存温度，这个文献等于没说（依据是啥，@fjj8802战友说低于玻璃化转变温度，是否还有别的考虑）、冷冻速率（快，快到什么程度），冻时间（完全冻上，这个貌似需要估计吧，尤其是大量的，如何靠小模型能看出来）、融化温度、融化速率（搅拌）、规模（这个还真不好靠模型来评估）。评估如何来评估冻存的质量好坏，有人说冻融循环，这个小模型适合看蛋白是否对冻融敏感，但是不能很快知道这个蛋白长期冻存的稳定问题。
开本帖探讨原液冻存的注意事项及依据，战友们也可以谈谈自己家目前的做法。
链接：
//d.dxy.cn/detail/12769151
回复：【求助】蛋白制剂处方筛选及稳定性研究参考书，求电子的-蚂蚁淘论坛
CurrentPerspectivesonStABIlityofProteinDrugProductsduringFormulation,FillandFinishOperations.pdf(235.33k)
Nutrients.2017May10;9(5).
ClinicalSignificanceandPrognosticEffectofSerum25-hydroxyvitaminDConcentrationsinCriticalandSevereHand,FootandMouthDisease.
手足口病危重儿血清25-羟维生素D浓度的临床意义与预后影响
作者党红星，刘成军，李静，程时骄，许峰
摘要
Abstract
目的：探讨血清25羟维生素D[25（OH)D]浓度与手足口病危重症的关系及评估手足口病危重儿血清25-羟维生素D浓度的临床意义与预后影响。
OBJECTIVE:
Toexaminetheassociationofserum25-hydroxyvitaminD[25(OH)D]concentrationswithcriticalandseverehand,footandmouthdisease(HFMD)andassesstheclinicalsignificanceandprognosticeffectof25(OH)DconcentrationsinchildrenwithHFMD.
方法：本研究为前瞻性观察研究。
METHODS:
ThisisaProspectiveobservationalstudy.
将138例手足口病患儿分为普通组（49例）、重症组（52例）和危重组（37例）。另选取同期门诊体检的59例健康儿童作为对照组。
The138childrenwithHFMDweredividedintocommon(49cases),severe(52cases),andcritical(37cases)HFMDgroups.Another59healthychildrenundergoingoutpatientmedicalexaminationsduringthesameperiodwerechosenasthecontrolgroup.
测定所有对象的血清25（OH）D浓度，每组再分为血清25（OH）D正常组（≥30ng/mL）；不足组（20-29.9ng/mL）；缺乏组（低于20ng/mL）。
Serum25(OH)Dconcentrationsweremeasuredinallthesubjects,andeachgroupwassuBDividedbyserum25(OH)Dconcentrationinto25(OH)Dnormal(≥30ng/mL);insufficiency(20-29.9ng/mL),anddeficiency(<20ng/mL)groups.
手足口病危急重症组在入住儿科ICU（PICU）时记录小儿危重病例评分（PCIS）。
Thepediatriccriticalillnessscore(PCIS)wasrecordedforthecriticalandsevereHFMDgroupuponadmissiontothepediatricintensivecareunit(PICU).
监测小儿危重手足口病患者血乳酸（LAC）、血清钙离子（Ca2+）、D-二聚体（DD）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）水平；脑干脑炎、神经源性肺水肿、循环衰竭的发生情况；14天病死率。
ChildrenwithcriticalandsevereHFMDwerealsomonitoredforbloodlactate(LAC),serumcalciumions(Ca++),D-dimer(DD),lactatedehydrogenase(LDH),andcreatinekinase-MB(CK-MB)levels;theincidencesofbrainstemencephalitis,neurogenicpulmonaryedema,andcirculatoryfailure;andthe14-daymortalityrate.
结果：
RESULTS：
各组血清25（OH）D浓度普遍较低。
Serum25(OH)Dconcentrationsweregenerallylowinallgroups.
与对照组（28.1±6.6ng/mL,8%）、普通组（29.5±8.1ng/mL,10%）和重症组（31.9±9.7ng/mL,8%）相比，危重组患者血清25（OH）D平均浓度（20.0±8.4ng/mL）明显较低，血清25（OH）D缺乏比例（18％）明显较高(P＜0.05）。
ThecriticalHFMDgroupshowedasignificantlylowerserum25(OH)Dmeanconcentration(20.0±8.4ng/mL)andahigherproportionofdeficiency(18%)comparedwiththecontrolgroup(28.1±6.6ng/mL,8%),common(29.5±8.1ng/mL,10%)andsevere(31.9±9.7ng/mL,8%)HFMDgroups(p<0.05).
在危重组中，25（OH）D缺乏组比25（OH）D正常组及不足组具有更低的PCIS值（P＜0.05）；而比后两组具有更高LAC、LDH、CK-MB和DD；具有（更高的）脑干脑炎、神经源性肺水肿、循环衰竭发生率及病死率（P＜0.05）。
InthecriticalandsevereHFMDgroups,the25(OH)DdeficiencygrouphadlowerPCISsthanthe25(OH)Dnormalandinsufficiencygroups(p<0.05);andhadhighervaluesthanthelattertwogroupsforLAC,LDH,CK-MBandDD;andtheincidencesofbrainstemencephalitis,neurogenicpulmonaryedema,circulatoryfailure,andmortality(p<0.05).
死亡组较存活组具有显著降低的血清25（OH）D浓度和PCIS（P＜0.05），具有较高的LAC、LDH、CK-MB和DD水平；较高的脑干脑炎、神经源性肺水肿、循环衰竭发病率（P＜0.05）。
Thedeathgroupshowedsignificantlylowerserum25(OH)DconcentrationsandPCISsthanthesurvivalgroup(p<0.05)andhadhigherLAC,LDH,CK-MBandDDlevelsandhigherincidencesofbrainstemencephalitis,neurogenicpulmonaryedema,andcirculatoryfailure(p<0.05).
Logistic回归分析显示，血清25（OH）D浓度是影响重症手足口病患儿病死率的独立因素。
Logisticregressionanalysisrevealedthattheserum25(OH)DconcentrationwasanindependentfactorthatinfluencedmortalityinchildrenwithcriticalandsevereHFMD.
CONCLUSIONS:
结论：
在这项研究中，我们发现，血清25（OH）D浓度在手足口病危重患儿中大幅降低，并与手足口病的严重程度相关。
Inthisstudy,wefindtheserum25(OH)DconcentrationsaresubstantiallyreducedinchildrenwithcriticalandsevereHFMDandareassociatedwiththeseverityofHFMD.
血清25（OH）D浓度对判断重症手足口病进展和预测死亡风险具有临床价值。
Theserum25(OH)DconcentrationsmayhaveclinicalvaluefordeterminingtheprogressionofcriticalHFMDandpredictingtheriskofdeath.
在确定25（OH）D浓度在手足口病诊断的临床价值之前，仍需进一步的证据。
Furtherevidenceisneededbeforeitcanbestatedthat25(OH)DconcentrationshaveclinicalvalueinHMFDdiagnosis.
关键词：
KEYWORDS:
25-hydroxyvitaminD;criticalillness;footandmouthdisease;hand
25羟维生素D；危重病；手足口病
求助日本《医药品添加物事典》关于羟苯丙酯钠在口服溶液剂中最大用量
grace粉末来配制，按说明书上的话加入碳酸氢钠外就不用加入
别的东西了，请问是否可以直接过滤用了：
在问，我们同一楼的另外一个实验室配制的时候加入了
水解乳蛋白和酵母粉，是否有这个必要，谢谢．在线，急等
我用conA和LPS分别刺激脾细胞，当然细胞均有明显的增殖，可是如果把这两种有丝分裂原同时用来刺激细胞时，细胞的增殖明显受到了抑制，比起单独采用ConA或者LPS都低很多。conA和LPS分别刺激T细胞和B细胞的增殖，两者同时加入时，作用应该更强，为什么反而大幅减弱呢？
此外，我研究的这种成分单独刺激皮细胞时，细胞也有一定程度的增殖，但是如果这种物质与conA联合使用时，比起单独用conA时，细胞的增殖程度明显降低了一些，这又是什么原因呢？难道可以解释为我研究的这种物质有类似于LPS的作用——刺激B细胞增殖？
如果真的是这样来解释，哪位大侠能把第一个现象（conA和LPS共同作用产生拮抗）的机理帮我解释一下呢？
