![SMOBIO/[PM2800] ExcelBand™ 3-color Extra Range Protein Marker (9-310 kDa), 250 μl x 2/9-310 kDa), 250 μl x 2</span>
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Description
The PM2800 ExcelBand™ 3-color Extra Range Protein Marker is a ready-to-use three-color protein standard with 13 pre-stained proteins covering an extra range of molecular weights from 10 to 310 kDa in Tris-Glycine buffer (9 to 290 kDa in Bis-Tris (MOPS) buffer and 10 to 290 kDa in Bis-Tris (MES) buffer). Proteins are covalently coupled with a blue chromophore except for three reference bands (one green and two red bands at 25 kDa and 75, 310 kDa respectively) when separated on SDS-PAGE in Tris-Glycine buffer. The PM2800 ExcelBand™ 3-color Extra Range Protein Marker is designed for monitoring protein separation during SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, verification of Western transfer efficiency on membranes (nitrocellulose, PVDF, or nylon) and for approximating the size of proteins. The marker is supplied in the gel loading buffer and is ready to use. Do NOT heat, dilute, or add reducing agents before loading.
Features
Ready-to-use — Premixed with a loading buffer for direct loading, no need to boil.
Three reference bands — 310 kDa (red), 75 kDa (red) and 25 kDa (green)
Contents
Approximately 0.1~0.4 mg/ml of each protein in the buffer (20 mM Tris-phosphate, pH 7.5 at 25℃), 2 % SDS, 0.2 mM Dithiothreitol, 3.6 M Urea, and 15 % (v/v) Glycerol).
Quality Control
Under suggested conditions, PM2800 3-color Extra Range Protein Marker resolves 13 major bands in 12% SDS-PAGE (Tris-Glycine buffer) and after Western blotting to nitrocellulose membrane.
Storage
4°C for 3 months-20°C for 24 months
Specification
Cat. No. | PM2800 |
Series Name | ExcelBand™ |
Product Size | 2 x 250 μl |
MW Range | 10 – 310 kDa |
Band Number | 13 |
Band Color | Red/Green/Blue |
Markered Bands | 25, 75, 310 kDa |
Manual
Manual_PM2800_ExcelBand™ 3-color Extra Range Protein Marker
SDS
SDS_PM2800
Migration patterns and approximate MWs (kDa)
Why are there contrasting results in molecular weights after using different brands of protein markers?
A.Different proteins even with similar molecular weights would exhibit apparent disparity from the resulting SDS PAGE due to the difference in the composition of the protein’s amino acids (e.g. gelatin). The reason for the disparity is due to the amino acids composition that affects the binding of the protein and SDS. Therefore, we can say that protein marker is a handy tool to estimate molecular weight, but there is no absolute molecular weight standard.
B.While running SDS-PAGE, protein mobility can be affected by the composition of the buffer used, gel percentage, the voltage used, running time, as well as if there is a pre-run.
C.Another recommendation for high molecular weight proteins is to prolong the running time to clarify the relative location of bands.
Protein marker Retention Period: Mentioned -20°C and over 2 years. Is it available for 30 months or 36 months? Have you tested this period?
Yes, we have tested our PM2700. The results showed that the PM2700 is stable at -20℃ for at least two years. It has also shown strong performance for more than 36 months under our careful storage. However, we must only suggest a 2 year retention period for the following reasons: There may be a variation in the environment in storage, and improper use may lead to accumulated damage to the proteins and therefore reduce its retention period.
How many times of freezing and thawing are available for protein markers? If it uses 5 μL per load, would the total usage quantity be 50 times x 2 (250 μL x 2 tube)?
Yes, 100 uses (5 μL each time) can be expected if freezing and thawing are conducted carefully and properly at the appropriate temperature. Before each use, make sure the protein marker is thoroughly thawed.
Do you have data comparison for protein molecular weight’s precision with other protein markers?
Yes. Usually, pre-stained marker is written on “estimated molecular weight” for caution. It is known that the analysis of protein size by an SDS-PAGE is only for “estimation” because of the intrinsic variation of amino acid composition in all proteins including stained and non-stained ones. For example, a protein which is highly hydrophilic might show a particular higher position in the SDS-PAGE analysis when compared to a hydrophobic one. We did compare the migration patterns of SMOBIO’s Protein Markers with other brands, and we concluded that it was difficult to define “precision” due to the reasons mentioned above. Therefore, in the product description, we suggest our users to calibrate the MW against their interested proteins. Although it is impossible to define "precision" for molecular weight of proteins in SDS-PAGE, we did compare the migration pattern of pre-stained markers with unstained protein marker (Invitrogen MARK12) for calibration. It is concluded that the estimated molecular weight of SMOBIO’s pre-stained marker shows a curve matching well with that of unstained native proteins (MARK12), representing a good estimation of the MW of each pre-stained protein in the SDS-PAGE analysis.
Will SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder be washed out during Western blotting process?
SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder will be only slightly washed out during Western blotting process. However, the excess of Tween-20 (more than 0.2%) in washing buffer will affect SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder on the transfer membrane.
Here are suggestions for Western blotting process:1. Transfer SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder to membrane with transfer buffer containing 20% methanol to fix SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder on membrane. 2. Wash membrane with PBS or TBS containing less than 0.1% Tween-20.
Will SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder be affected by the stripping/deprobing process with the presence of β-Mercaptoethanol (β-ME)?
In normal circumstances, the presence of βME during the stripping/deprobing process will only slightly affect SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder. However, the presence of Tween-20 on PVDF membrane during the stripping/deprobing process has adverse effects on SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder.
Here are suggestions for Western stripping/deprobing process:
1. Wash the PVDF membrane in methanol for 5~10 minutes prior to the stripping/deprobing process to mitigate the adverse effect of Tween-20.2. Recommended stripping buffer (for 1 L): 15 g glycine, 1 g SDS, 10 mL Tween 20. Dissolve in 800 mL distilled water. Adjust pH to 2.2 Bring volume up to 1 L with distilled waterUnraveling the novel effects of aroma from small molecules in preventing hen egg white lysozyme amyloid fibril formation
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ExcelBand™ Protein Markers
Ready-to-use— premixed with a loading buffer for direct loading, no need to boil
Broad range— 310 kDa to 5 kDa
Pre-stained bands — for monitoring protein separation during electrophoresis and Western blotting transferring efficiency on membrane
Enhanced bands— for quick reference
YesBlot™ Western Marker I
Ready-to-use — no need of mixing or heating before sample loading
Direct visualization — 10 IgG-binding proteins for direct visualization on Western blots
Pre-stained bands — 4 pre-stained proteins for monitoring protein separation during electrophoresis and Western blotting transferring efficiency on membrane
Wide range — 10 clear bands from 15 to 200 kDa for size estimation
Quick reference — two enhanced bands (30 and 80 kDa)
Q-PAGE™ Precast Gels
User-friendly gel cassette:
Numbered and framed wells for sample loading
Labeled warning sign and green tape as reminder
Enhanced gel performance:
Enhanced gel electrophoresis speed
Better band separation
Stable for shipping at ambient temperature
Easy compatibility:
Available as homogeneous and adjusted gradient gels for a wide range of protein separation.
Compatible with most popular protein electrophoresis systems
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抗原注射进入动物体内后，因为不是一个单独的分子，会随血液循环输送到各处，也就会接触不同的免疫细胞。有些还会被抗原提呈细胞再加工。所以最后的结果是很多个免疫细胞都会接触到。一个抗原分子也有很多抗原表位。每个表位理论上都有能力激活一个B细胞转化为浆细胞。所以体内最后针对该抗原的必定是多克隆
由于动物个体差异的存在,同一抗原免疫同一种系不同个体的动物,产生的抗体的效价有很大的差异.与动物的年龄和营养状况密切相关.免疫用的动物最好选择适龄的健康雄性动物,雌性动物特别是妊娠动物用于制备免疫抗体则非常不合适,有时甚至不产生抗体.
先饲养观察7天其实就是等于隔离检疫,观察一下兔子的身体状况和是否带有其他传染病,淘汰体质多病的个体,防止在免疫过程中死亡或免疫应答不灵敏而不产生抗体.
IgM占血清免疫球蛋白总量的6%，主要存在血管内，是机体受抗原刺激后最先产生的抗体，起“先锋免疫”作用，具有很强的细胞毒活性和细胞溶解活性，由于IgM主要存在在血管内，是抗血管内感染的第一线抗体，对防止败血症的发生有重要作用。
IgG-主力抗体
IgG是初级免疫应答中最持久、最重要的抗体，它仅以单体形式存在。大多是抗菌性、抗毒性和抗病毒抗体属于IgG，它在抗感染中起到主力军作用，它能够促进单核巨噬细胞的吞噬作用（调理作用），中和细菌毒素的毒性（中和毒素）和病毒抗原结合使病毒失去感染宿主细胞的能力（中和病毒）。
IgA-局部抗体
按其免疫功能又分为血清型及分泌型两种。血清型IgA存在于血清中，其含量占总IgA的85%左右。血清型IgA虽有IgG和IgM的某些功能，但在血清中并不显示重要的免疫功能。分泌型IgA存在于分泌液中，如唾液、泪液、初乳、鼻和支气管分泌液、胃肠液、尿液、汗液等。分泌型IgA是机体粘膜局部抗感染免疫的主要抗体。故又称粘膜局部抗体。
