![SMOBIO/[PM5100] ExcelBand™ 3-color Pre-stained Protein Ladder, High Range (9-245 kDa), 250 μl x 2/High Range (9-245 kDa), 250 μl x 2/PM5100](images/SMOBIO/image.jpg)
Description
The PM5100 3-color Pre-Stained Protein Ladder High Range is a ready-to-use three-color protein standard with 14 pre-stained proteins covering a wide range of molecular weights from 10 to 245 kDa in Tris-Glycine Buffer (9 to 235 kDa in Bis-Tris (MOPS) buffer and 10 to 235 kDa in Bis-Tris (MES) buffer). Proteins are covalently coupled with different chromophores for easy identification of bands, with three reference proteins carrying enhanced intensity corresponding to a blue band at 20 kDa, green at 40 kDa, and red at 75 kDa, respectively, as separated on SDS-PAGE (Tris-Glycine buffer). The PM5100 3-color Pre-Stained Protein Ladder High Range is designed for monitoring protein separation during SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, verification of Western transfer efficiency on membranes (PVDF, nylon, or nitrocellulose) and for approximating the size of proteins.
Features
Ready-to-use — Premixed with a loading buffer for direct loading, no need to boil.
Three reference bands — 75 kDa (red), 40 kDa (green), and 20 kDa (blue)
Contents
Approximately 0.1~0.4 mg/ml of each protein in the buffer (20 mM Tris-phosphate (pH 7.5), 2% SDS, 0.2 mM DTT, 3.6 M urea, and 15% (v/v) glycerol).
Quality Control
Under suggested conditions, PM5100 ExcelBand™ 3-color Pre-Stained Protein Ladder High Range resolves 14 major bands in 15% SDS-PAGE (Tris-Glycine buffer) and after Western blotting to nitrocellulose membrane.
Storage
4°C for 3 months-20°C for 24 months
Specification
Cat. No. | PM5100 |
Series Name | ExcelBand™ |
Product Size | 2 x 250 μl |
MW Range | 10 – 245 kDa |
Band Number | 14 |
Band Color | Red/Green/Blue |
Markered Bands | 75, 40, 20 kDa |
Manual
Manual_PM5100_ExcelBand™ 3-color Pre-stained Protein Ladder, High Range
SDS
SDS_PM5100
Migration patterns and approximate MWs (kDa)
Why are there contrasting results in molecular weights after using different brands of protein markers?
A.Different proteins even with similar molecular weights would exhibit apparent disparity from the resulting SDS PAGE due to the difference in the composition of the protein’s amino acids (e.g. gelatin). The reason for the disparity is due to the amino acids composition that affects the binding of the protein and SDS. Therefore, we can say that protein marker is a handy tool to estimate molecular weight, but there is no absolute molecular weight standard.
B.While running SDS-PAGE, protein mobility can be affected by the composition of the buffer used, gel percentage, the voltage used, running time, as well as if there is a pre-run.
C.Another recommendation for high molecular weight proteins is to prolong the running time to clarify the relative location of bands.
Protein marker Retention Period: Mentioned -20°C and over 2 years. Is it available for 30 months or 36 months? Have you tested this period?
Yes, we have tested our PM2700. The results showed that the PM2700 is stable at -20℃ for at least two years. It has also shown strong performance for more than 36 months under our careful storage. However, we must only suggest a 2 year retention period for the following reasons: There may be a variation in the environment in storage, and improper use may lead to accumulated damage to the proteins and therefore reduce its retention period.
How many times of freezing and thawing are available for protein markers? If it uses 5 μL per load, would the total usage quantity be 50 times x 2 (250 μL x 2 tube)?
Yes, 100 uses (5 μL each time) can be expected if freezing and thawing are conducted carefully and properly at the appropriate temperature. Before each use, make sure the protein marker is thoroughly thawed.
Do you have data comparison for protein molecular weight’s precision with other protein markers?
Yes. Usually, pre-stained marker is written on “estimated molecular weight” for caution. It is known that the analysis of protein size by an SDS-PAGE is only for “estimation” because of the intrinsic variation of amino acid composition in all proteins including stained and non-stained ones. For example, a protein which is highly hydrophilic might show a particular higher position in the SDS-PAGE analysis when compared to a hydrophobic one. We did compare the migration patterns of SMOBIO’s Protein Markers with other brands, and we concluded that it was difficult to define “precision” due to the reasons mentioned above. Therefore, in the product description, we suggest our users to calibrate the MW against their interested proteins. Although it is impossible to define "precision" for molecular weight of proteins in SDS-PAGE, we did compare the migration pattern of pre-stained markers with unstained protein marker (Invitrogen MARK12) for calibration. It is concluded that the estimated molecular weight of SMOBIO’s pre-stained marker shows a curve matching well with that of unstained native proteins (MARK12), representing a good estimation of the MW of each pre-stained protein in the SDS-PAGE analysis.
Will SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder be washed out during Western blotting process?
SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder will be only slightly washed out during Western blotting process. However, the excess of Tween-20 (more than 0.2%) in washing buffer will affect SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder on the transfer membrane.
Here are suggestions for Western blotting process:1. Transfer SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder to membrane with transfer buffer containing 20% methanol to fix SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder on membrane. 2. Wash membrane with PBS or TBS containing less than 0.1% Tween-20.
Will SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder be affected by the stripping/deprobing process with the presence of β-Mercaptoethanol (β-ME)?
In normal circumstances, the presence of βME during the stripping/deprobing process will only slightly affect SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder. However, the presence of Tween-20 on PVDF membrane during the stripping/deprobing process has adverse effects on SMOBIO’s Protein Markers/Ladder.
Here are suggestions for Western stripping/deprobing process:
1. Wash the PVDF membrane in methanol for 5~10 minutes prior to the stripping/deprobing process to mitigate the adverse effect of Tween-20.2. Recommended stripping buffer (for 1 L): 15 g glycine, 1 g SDS, 10 mL Tween 20. Dissolve in 800 mL distilled water. Adjust pH to 2.2 Bring volume up to 1 L with distilled waterEfficient RNA drug delivery using red blood cell extracellular vesicles
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ExcelBand™ Protein Markers
Ready-to-use— premixed with a loading buffer for direct loading, no need to boil
Broad range— 310 kDa to 5 kDa
Pre-stained bands — for monitoring protein separation during electrophoresis and Western blotting transferring efficiency on membrane
Enhanced bands— for quick reference
YesBlot™ Western Marker I
Ready-to-use — no need of mixing or heating before sample loading
Direct visualization — 10 IgG-binding proteins for direct visualization on Western blots
Pre-stained bands — 4 pre-stained proteins for monitoring protein separation during electrophoresis and Western blotting transferring efficiency on membrane
Wide range — 10 clear bands from 15 to 200 kDa for size estimation
Quick reference — two enhanced bands (30 and 80 kDa)
Q-PAGE™ Precast Gels
User-friendly gel cassette:
Numbered and framed wells for sample loading
Labeled warning sign and green tape as reminder
Enhanced gel performance:
Enhanced gel electrophoresis speed
Better band separation
Stable for shipping at ambient temperature
Easy compatibility:
Available as homogeneous and adjusted gradient gels for a wide range of protein separation.
Compatible with most popular protein electrophoresis systems
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看了下说明书，上面没有具体说。感觉捕获抗体和酶标抗体需要对HCP有不同的结合位点才能形成稳定的抗体-HCP-抗体复合物。不知道有没有战友熟悉，求解惑，谢谢！
液体的一抗加50%甘油，-20度也不会冻结，可保存3-5年；
经常使用时取出一小份，4度可使用半年之久；
粉末状的二抗直接-20或-80度贮藏就行了。
（一）包被用抗原
用于包被固相载体的抗原按其来源不同可分为天然抗原、重组抗原和合成多肽抗原三大类。天然抗原可取自动物组织、微生物培养物等，须经提取纯化才能作包被用。如HBsAg可以从携带者的血清中提取，一般的细菌和病毒抗原可以从其培养物中提取，蛋白成份抗原可从富含此抗原的材料中提取等（例如AFP从脐带血或胎肝中提取）。重组抗原是抗原基因在质粒体中表达的蛋白质抗原，多以大肠杆菌或酵母菌为质粒体。重组抗原的优点是除工程菌成份外，其他杂质少，而且无传染性，但纯化技术难度较大。以大肠杆菌为质粒体的重组抗原如不能充分除大肠杆菌成份，用于ELISA试剂盒，在反应中可出现假阳性，因不少受检者受大肠杆菌感染而在血清中存在抗大肠杆菌抗体。重组抗原的另一特点是能用基因工程制备某些无法从天然材料中分离的抗原物质。例如丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）尚不能培养成功，而且丙肝病人血清中HCV抗原含量极微。目前检测抗HCVELISA中所用包被抗原大多为根据HCV的基因克隆表达而制备的重组抗原。在传染病诊断中，不少重组抗原如HBsAg、HBeAg和HIV抗原等均在ELISA中取得应用。合成多肽抗原是根据蛋白质抗原分子的某一抗原决定簇的氨基酸序列人工合成的多肽片段。多肽抗原一般只含有一个抗原决定簇，纯度高，特异性也高，但由于分子量太小，往往难于直接吸附于固相上。多肽抗原的包被一般需先使其与无关蛋白质如牛血清白蛋白质（BSA）等偶联，借助于偶联物与固相载体的吸附，间接地结合到固相载体表面。应用多肽抗原的另一注意点为他仅能检测与其相应的抗体。一种蛋白质抗原往往含有多个不同的能引起抗体产生的决定簇，因此在受检血清中的其他抗体就不能与该多肽抗原发生反应。另外，某些微生物发生变异时往往发生抗原结构变化，在这种情况下，用个别多肽抗原进行包被可引起其他抗体的漏检。
（二）ELISA试剂盒包被用抗体
包被固相载体的抗体应具有高亲和力和高特异性，可取材于抗血清或含单克隆抗体的腹水或培养液。如免疫用抗原中含有杂质（即便是极微量的），在抗血清中将出现杂抗体，必须除去（可用吸收法）后才能用于ELISA，以保证试验的特异性。抗血清不能直接用于包被，应先提取IgG，通常采用硫酸铵盐析和Sephadex凝胶过滤法。一般经硫酸铵盐析粗提的IgG已可用于包被，高度纯化的IgG性质不稳定。如需用高亲和力的抗体包被以提高试验的敏感性，则可采用亲和层析法以除去抗血清中含量较多的非特异性IgG。腹水中单抗的浓度较高，特异性亦较强，因此不需要作吸收和亲和层析处理，一般可将腹水作适当稀释后直接包被，必要时也可用纯化的IgG。应用单抗包被时应注意，一种单抗仅针对一种抗原决定簇，在某些情况下，用多种单抗混合包被，可取得更好的效果。展开
我的实验是这样的，先纯化质粒，然后做酶切，再纯化DNA。
最后一步其实也可以用切胶回收试剂盒，我怕做不好，所以想选用DNA纯化试剂盒，但不知跟质粒DNA提取试剂盒是否有区别，因为说明书上说可以用Invitrogen的K210001.我搜索看了一席啊，觉得那个是提取质粒的小提啊。所以产生这个疑问，请大侠告知DNA纯化试剂盒与质粒DNA提取试剂盒这两者之间有区别吗？
用哪个公司的DNA纯化试剂盒比较好。谢谢啦！
补充一点的是有些病毒在人群中的感染是很普遍的,比如HCMV.对于这些病毒IgM的检测结果可以推测是否为近期感染.但这一类病毒其检测的临床意义经常是当其再激活感染时.比如:HCMV感染后就在末梢单个核细胞中潜伏起来,对于正常人而言是不致病的,但当出现HIV感染或应用免疫抑制剂时会出现激活感染而且经常导致严重疾患.对于这种再激活感染虽然也有IgM的升高,但是却在现在ELISA技术的检测限以下,因此是检测不到的,这时就必须进行针对其抗原的检测。
