ProductDescription
Doxorubicinhydrochloride(DOX)isacytotoxicanthracyclineantibioticisolatedfromculturesofStreptomycespeucetiusvarcaesius.聽Doxorubicinbindstonucleicacids,presumablybyspecificintercalationoftheplanaranthracyclinenucleuswiththeDNAdoublehelix,therebypreventingDNAreplicationandultimatelyinhibitingproteinsynthesis.Additionally,doxorubicininhibitstopoisomeraseIIwhichresultsinanincreasedandstABIlizedcleavableenzyme-DNAlinkedcomplexduringDNAreplicationandsubsequentlypreventstheligationofthenucleotidestrandafterdouble-strandbreakage.DoxorubicinalsoformsoxygenfreerADIcalsresultingincytotoxicitysecondarytolipidperoxidationofcellmembranelipids;theformationofoxygenfreeradicalsalsocontributestothetoxicityoftheanthracyclineantibiotics,namelythecardiacandcutaneousvasculareffects.
Doxorubicinisalsoanaturallyfluorescentanthracyclineantibiotic,anticancerdrug.ItisasubstrateofMRP1whichwasfirstclonedfromaDOX-resistantlungcancercellline.Fluorescentpropertyhasbeenexploitedforthemeasurementofdrugeffluxpumpactivitiesaswellasresolvingtheimportantquestionofintracellularlocalizationofvariousmultidrugresistanceproteinsandtheroleofsubcellularorganelles(Golgiandlysosome)inthesequestrationofdrugsanditsimplicationindrugresistantphenotypes.