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MPTP (hydrochloride) is a prodrug to the neurotoxin MPP which causes permanent symptoms of Parkinson"s disease.
Customer Validation
•Brain Res. 2016 Jul 1;1642:546-552.
Description
MPTP (hydrochloride) is a prodrug to the neurotoxin MPP which causes permanent symptoms of Parkinson"s disease.
In Vitro
Pretreatment with 50 mM 4-phenylpyridine, reduces IC50 (concentration for 50% inhibition of twitch amplitude) values of MPTP from 53 to 18 mM and d-tubocurarine from 0.7 to 0.3 mM, respectively, in mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm[3].
In Vivo
The toxic effect of MPTP can be completely abolished in vivo by treatment with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and potentiated by an inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase[1]. Allopurinol potentiated the MPTP (35 mg/kg)-induced decrease in the DOPAC+HVA/DA ratio and increase in striatal AA oxidation of the rat[2]. Gas1 expressions are significantly elevated in the majority of the reactive astrocytes of the brains with LPS or MPTP insults in animal models[4].
References
[1]. Langston J W, Irwin I. MPTP Neurotoxicity: An Overview and Characterization of Phases of Toxicity. II. Selective Accumulation of MPP in the Substantia Nigra: A Key to Neurotoxicity (Question). Life Sci., 1985, 36, No. 3, 201-12.
[2]. Desole M S, et al. Further investigation of allopurinol effects on MPTP-induced oxidative stress in the striatum and brain stem of the rat. Source:Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav., 1996, 54, No. 2, 377-83.
[3]. Hsu K S, et al. Potentiation of MPTP by 4-Phenylpyridine on the Neuromuscular Blockade in Mouse Phrenic Nerve-Diaphragm. Neuropharmacology, 1993, 32, No. 9, 877-83.
[4]. Sun XL, et al. Gas1 up-regulation is inducible and contributes to cell apoptosis in reactive astrocytes in the substantia nigra of LPS and MPTP models. J Neuroinflammation. 2016 Jul 8;13(1):180.
Preparing Stock Solutions
ConcentrationVolumeMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
1 mM
4.7683 mL
23.8413 mL
47.6826 mL
5 mM
0.9537 mL
4.7683 mL
9.5365 mL
10 mM
0.4768 mL
2.3841 mL
4.7683 mL
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent.
Animal Administration
[4]
MPTP is formulated in 0.9% saline.
For the preparation of the LPS rat model and the MPTP mouse model, the treatments of the animals are performed. Briefly, adult rats receive unilateral injections of LPS (0.5 μL of 10 μg/μL diluted in 0.9% saline) into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) at the following coordinates, AP-4.2 mm, L 1.5 mm, and V 7.8 mm, and into the contralateral side with the same volume of 0.9% saline. Adult mice are administered intraperitoneal injections of MPTP of 25 mg/kg per day for five continuous days, and the same volume of saline is injected as a control. All the animals are sacrificed at week 1, 2, 3, or 4 after the LPS or MPTP injections. The brain samples are collected for the subsequent immunohistochemistry and western blot experiments. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References
[1]. Langston J W, Irwin I. MPTP Neurotoxicity: An Overview and Characterization of Phases of Toxicity. II. Selective Accumulation of MPP in the Substantia Nigra: A Key to Neurotoxicity (Question). Life Sci., 1985, 36, No. 3, 201-12.
[2]. Desole M S, et al. Further investigation of allopurinol effects on MPTP-induced oxidative stress in the striatum and brain stem of the rat. Source:Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav., 1996, 54, No. 2, 377-83.
[3]. Hsu K S, et al. Potentiation of MPTP by 4-Phenylpyridine on the Neuromuscular Blockade in Mouse Phrenic Nerve-Diaphragm. Neuropharmacology, 1993, 32, No. 9, 877-83.
[4]. Sun XL, et al. Gas1 up-regulation is inducible and contributes to cell apoptosis in reactive astrocytes in the substantia nigra of LPS and MPTP models. J Neuroinflammation. 2016 Jul 8;13(1):180.
Molecular Weight
209.72
Formula
C₁₂H₁₆ClN
CAS No.
23007-85-4
Storage
Powder
-20°C
3 years
4°C
2 years
In solvent
-80°C
6 months
-20°C
1 month
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
[1]. Langston J W, Irwin I. MPTP Neurotoxicity: An Overview and Characterization of Phases of Toxicity. II. Selective Accumulation of MPP in the Substantia Nigra: A Key to Neurotoxicity (Question). Life Sci., 1985, 36, No. 3, 201-12.
[2]. Desole M S, et al. Further investigation of allopurinol effects on MPTP-induced oxidative stress in the striatum and brain stem of the rat. Source:Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav., 1996, 54, No. 2, 377-83.
[3]. Hsu K S, et al. Potentiation of MPTP by 4-Phenylpyridine on the Neuromuscular Blockade in Mouse Phrenic Nerve-Diaphragm. Neuropharmacology, 1993, 32, No. 9, 877-83.
[4]. Sun XL, et al. Gas1 up-regulation is inducible and contributes to cell apoptosis in reactive astrocytes in the substantia nigra of LPS and MPTP models. J Neuroinflammation. 2016 Jul 8;13(1):180.
