Melatonin, a hormone produced in the brain, is a potent melatonin receptor activator, and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.
Description
Melatonin, a hormone produced in the brain, is a potent melatonin receptor activator, and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.
In Vivo
Melatonin increases the levels of activated PTEN, RSK-1, mTOR and AMPKα kinases, mildly inhibits ERK-1/2 phosphorylation and Bad phosphorylation, significantly inhibits phosphorylations of S6 Ribosomal Protein, 4E-BP1, GSK-3α and GSK-3β, and slightly increases PRAS40 phosphorylation in animals[1]. Melatonin ameliorates the neurotoxiciy and astrocyte activation induced by Aβ1-42 in the cerebral cortex. Melatonin also blocks the reduction in Reelin and Dab1 expression induced by Aβ1-42[2]. Melatonin treatment and lack of NLRP3-/- share similar inhibition of NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathway in mice. Melatonin treatment and lack of NLRP3-/- share some patterns of clock genes expression, and improve cardiomyocytes morphology in mice[3].
Clinical Trial
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References
[1]. Kilic U, et al. Particular phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt on Thr308 via PDK-1 and PTEN mediates melatonin"s neuroprotective activity after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Redox Biol. 2017 Apr 5;12:657-665.
[2]. Hu C, et al. Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on soluble Aβ1-42-induced cortical neurodegeneration via Reelin-Dab1 signaling pathway. Neurol Res. 2017 Apr 7:1-11
[3]. Rahim I, et al. Melatonin administration to wild-type mice and non-treated NLRP3 mutant mice share similar inhibition of the inflammatory response during sepsis. J Pineal Res. 2017 Mar 31.
Preparing Stock Solutions
ConcentrationVolumeMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
1 mM
4.3051 mL
21.5257 mL
43.0515 mL
5 mM
0.8610 mL
4.3051 mL
8.6103 mL
10 mM
0.4305 mL
2.1526 mL
4.3051 mL
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent.
Animal Administration
[1]
Melatonin is dissolved in 0.9% isotonic saline/5% ethanol at a concentration of 4 mg/kg.
A total of two sets of adult male C57BL/6j mice weighing 21-26 g are randomly assigned to one of four groups and treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) delivery of (i) vehicle (50 μL isotonic saline/5% ethanol), (ii) melatonin (4 mg/kg, dissolved in 0.9% isotonic saline/5% ethanol), (iii) Wortmannin, and (iv) melatonin/Wortmannin immediately after reperfusion. In the first set, mice are exposed to 30 min of focal cerebral ischemia (FCI) and 72 h reperfusion for the evaluation of disseminate ischemic injury in the striatum, and signaling pathway analysis (n=7 per group). The second group of mice is exposed to 90 min of FCI and 24 h reperfusion for the analysis of infarct development, brain swelling and IgG extravasation (n=7 per group). MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References
[1]. Kilic U, et al. Particular phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt on Thr308 via PDK-1 and PTEN mediates melatonin"s neuroprotective activity after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Redox Biol. 2017 Apr 5;12:657-665.
[2]. Hu C, et al. Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on soluble Aβ1-42-induced cortical neurodegeneration via Reelin-Dab1 signaling pathway. Neurol Res. 2017 Apr 7:1-11
[3]. Rahim I, et al. Melatonin administration to wild-type mice and non-treated NLRP3 mutant mice share similar inhibition of the inflammatory response during sepsis. J Pineal Res. 2017 Mar 31.
Molecular Weight
232.28
Formula
C₁₃H₁₆N₂O₂
CAS No.
73-31-4
Storage
Powder
-20°C
3 years
4°C
2 years
In solvent
-80°C
6 months
-20°C
1 month
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere
[1]. Kilic U, et al. Particular phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt on Thr308 via PDK-1 and PTEN mediates melatonin"s neuroprotective activity after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Redox Biol. 2017 Apr 5;12:657-665.
[2]. Hu C, et al. Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on soluble Aβ1-42-induced cortical neurodegeneration via Reelin-Dab1 signaling pathway. Neurol Res. 2017 Apr 7:1-11
[3]. Rahim I, et al. Melatonin administration to wild-type mice and non-treated NLRP3 mutant mice share similar inhibition of the inflammatory response during sepsis. J Pineal Res. 2017 Mar 31.
